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Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems rely on retrieval models for identifying relevant contexts and answer generation models for utilizing those contexts. However, retrievers exhibit imperfect recall and precision, limiting…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-29 Jerry Huang , Siddarth Madala , Risham Sidhu , Cheng Niu , Hao Peng , Julia Hockenmaier , Tong Zhang

For middle-school math students, interactive question-answering (QA) with tutors is an effective way to learn. The flexibility and emergent capabilities of generative large language models (LLMs) has led to a surge of interest in automating…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-11-14 Zachary Levonian , Chenglu Li , Wangda Zhu , Anoushka Gade , Owen Henkel , Millie-Ellen Postle , Wanli Xing

Multi-hop question generation (MQG) aims to generate questions that require synthesizing multiple information snippets from documents to derive target answers. The primary challenge lies in effectively pinpointing crucial information…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-04 Maodong Li , Longyin Zhang , Fang Kong

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is key to enhancing large language models (LLMs) to systematically access richer factual knowledge. Yet, using RAG brings intrinsic challenges, as LLMs must deal with potentially conflicting knowledge,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-08 Leonardo Ranaldi , Federico Ranaldi , Fabio Massimo Zanzotto , Barry Haddow , Alexandra Birch

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has emerged as a pivotal method for expanding the knowledge of large language models. To handle complex queries more effectively, researchers developed Adaptive-RAG (A-RAG) to enhance the generated…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Jie Ou , Jinyu Guo , Shuaihong Jiang , Zhaokun Wang , Libo Qin , Shunyu Yao , Wenhong Tian

The application of Large Language Models to Question Answering has shown great promise, but important challenges such as hallucinations and erroneous reasoning arise when using these models, particularly in knowledge-intensive,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-15 Ignacio Sastre , Guillermo Moncecchi , Aiala Rosá

This study introduces Knowledge Augmented Question Generation (KAQG), an educational assessment framework that integrates Item Response Theory, abbreviated as IRT, Bloom's Taxonomy, and knowledge graphs into a multi-agent…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Ching Han Chen , Ming Fang Shiu

This paper proposes the problem of Deep Question Generation (DQG), which aims to generate complex questions that require reasoning over multiple pieces of information of the input passage. In order to capture the global structure of the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-04-28 Liangming Pan , Yuxi Xie , Yansong Feng , Tat-Seng Chua , Min-Yen Kan

The advent of large language models (LLMs) has allowed numerous applications, including the generation of queried responses, to be leveraged in chatbots and other conversational assistants. Being trained on a plethora of data, LLMs often…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-16 Deeksha Prahlad , Chanhee Lee , Dongha Kim , Hokeun Kim

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a powerful framework for knowledge-intensive tasks, yet its effectiveness in long-context scenarios is often bottlenecked by the retriever's inability to distinguish sparse yet crucial…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Hang Ding , Jiawei Zhou , Haiyun Jiang

In recent years, the generation of conversation content based on deep neural networks has attracted many researchers. However, traditional neural language models tend to generate general replies, lacking logical and emotional factors. This…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2019-04-18 Jia Li , Xiao Sun , Xing Wei , Changliang Li , Jianhua Tao

Multilingual Retrieval-Augmented Generation (mRAG) systems enhance language models by integrating external multilingual information to produce context-aware responses. However, mRAG systems struggle with retrieving relevant information due…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-03 Jeonghyun Park , Hwanhee Lee

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has proven its effectiveness in mitigating hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs) by retrieving knowledge from external resources. To adapt LLMs for the RAG systems, current approaches use…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-05 Xinze Li , Sen Mei , Zhenghao Liu , Yukun Yan , Shuo Wang , Shi Yu , Zheni Zeng , Hao Chen , Ge Yu , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun , Chenyan Xiong

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is a framework for grounding Large Language Models (LLMs) in external, up-to-date information. However, recent advancements in context window size allow LLMs to process inputs of up to 128K tokens or…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-26 Seongwoong Shim , Myunsoo Kim , Jae Hyeon Cho , Byung-Jun Lee

Asking good questions is an essential ability for both human and machine intelligence. However, existing neural question generation approaches mainly focus on the short factoid type of answers. In this paper, we propose a neural question…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-06-01 Lidiya Murakhovs'ka , Chien-Sheng Wu , Philippe Laban , Tong Niu , Wenhao Liu , Caiming Xiong

Automatic question generation (AQG) for mathematics education remains an elusive goal for Intelligent Tutoring Systems and educators. While pre-trained transformer-based language models have significantly advanced natural language…

多智能体系统 · 计算机科学 2025-11-07 Kia Karbasi , Kevin Hong , Mohammad Amin Samadi , Gregory Pottie

In this work, we propose a novel and easy-to-apply data augmentation strategy, namely Bilateral Generation (BiG), with a contrastive training objective for improving the performance of ranking question answer pairs with existing labeled…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-10-01 Yang Deng , Wenxuan Zhang , Wai Lam

Constructing responses in task-oriented dialogue systems typically relies on information sources such the current dialogue state or external databases. This paper presents a novel approach to knowledge-grounded response generation that…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-23 Nicholas Thomas Walker , Stefan Ultes , Pierre Lison

We introduce a high-quality dataset that contains 3,397 samples comprising (i) multiple choice questions, (ii) answers (including distractors), and (iii) their source documents, from the educational domain. Each question is phrased in two…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-10-13 Amir Hadifar , Semere Kiros Bitew , Johannes Deleu , Chris Develder , Thomas Demeester

An important part when constructing multiple-choice questions (MCQs) for reading comprehension assessment are the distractors, the incorrect but preferably plausible answer options. In this paper, we present a new BERT-based method for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-08-10 Dmytro Kalpakchi , Johan Boye