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We introduce NeuSpell, an open-source toolkit for spelling correction in English. Our toolkit comprises ten different models, and benchmarks them on naturally occurring misspellings from multiple sources. We find that many systems do not…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-10-22 Sai Muralidhar Jayanthi , Danish Pruthi , Graham Neubig

Software vulnerabilities can pose severe harms to a computing system. They can lead to system crash, privacy leakage, or even physical damage. Correctly identifying vulnerabilities among enormous software codes in a timely manner is so far…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-11-24 Jin Wang , Hui Xiao , Shuwen Zhong , Yinhao Xiao

Web application pentesting is a crucial component in the offensive cybersecurity area, whose aim is to safeguard web applications and web services as the majority of the web applications are mounted in publicly accessible web environments.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-10-17 María Olivares-Naya , Jacobo Casado de Gracia , Alfonso Sánchez-Macián

The web is experiencing an explosive growth in the last years. New technologies are introduced at a very fast-pace with the aim of narrowing the gap between web-based applications and traditional desktop applications. The results are web…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2015-07-14 Alfredo De Santis , Giancarlo De Maio , Umberto Ferraro Petrillo

Program obfuscation is an important software protection technique that prevents attackers from revealing the programming logic and design of the software. We introduce translingual obfuscation, a new software obfuscation scheme which makes…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2016-01-13 Pei Wang , Shuai Wang , Jiang Ming , Yufei Jiang , Dinghao Wu

Tool calling has greatly expanded the practical utility of large language models (LLMs) by enabling them to interact with external applications. As LLM capabilities advance, effective tool use increasingly involves multi-step, multi-turn…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Heming Xia , Yongqi Li , Cunxiao Du , Mingbo Song , Wenjie Li

Phishing remains the most pervasive threat to the Web, enabling large-scale credential theft and financial fraud through deceptive webpages. While recent reference-based and generative-AI-driven phishing detectors achieve strong accuracy,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Tailai Song , Pedro Casas , Michela Meo

Control Flow Graphs are one of the main data sources for software analysis that use dynamic and static software analysis methods. Protected software and modern malware increasingly depend on dynamic code loading techniques to evade static…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Oleksandr Mostovyi

Trusted execution environments (TEEs) offer hardware-assisted means to protect code and data. However, as shown in numerous results over the years, attackers can use side-channels to leak data access patterns and even single-step the code.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-09-24 Jan Wichelmann , Anja Rabich , Anna P"atschke , Thomas Eisenbarth

To avoid detection, adversaries often use command-line obfuscation. There are numerous techniques of the command-line obfuscation, all designed to alter the command-line syntax without affecting its original functionality. This variability…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-08-06 Vojtech Outrata , Michael Adam Polak , Martin Kopp

GraphQL is an open-source data query and manipulation language for web applications, offering a flexible alternative to RESTful APIs. However, its dynamic execution model and lack of built-in security mechanisms expose it to vulnerabilities…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-04-21 Omar Tsai , Jianing Li , Tsz Tung Cheung , Lejing Huang , Hao Zhu , Jianrui Xiao , Iman Sharafaldin , Mohammad A. Tayebi

To counter software reverse engineering or tampering, software obfuscation tools can be used. However, such tools to a large degree hard-code how the obfuscations are deployed. They hence lack resilience and stealth in the face of many…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-12-24 Jens Van den Broeck , Bart Coppens , Bjorn De Sutter

Preserving privacy is an undeniable benefit to users online. However, this benefit (unfortunately) also extends to those who conduct cyber attacks and other types of malfeasance. In this work, we consider the scenario in which Privacy…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-10-05 Taylor Henderson , Eric Osterweil , Pavan Kumar Dinesh , Robert Simon

Static code analysis tools are designed to aid software developers to build better quality software in less time, by detecting defects early in the software development life cycle. Even the most experienced developer regularly introduces…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2021-02-05 Manuel Arenaz , Xavier Martorell

We propose PowerAlert, an efficient external integrity checker for untrusted hosts. Current attestation systems suffer from shortcomings in requiring complete checksum of the code segment, being static, use of timing information sourced…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2017-02-13 Ahmed M. Fawaz , Mohammad Noureddine , William H. Sanders

In the software engineering community, deep learning (DL) has recently been applied to many source code processing tasks. Due to the poor interpretability of DL models, their security vulnerabilities require scrutiny. Recently, researchers…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2022-11-01 Jia Li , Zhuo Li , Huangzhao Zhang , Ge Li , Zhi Jin , Xing Hu , Xin Xia

Recently, tampered text detection has attracted increasing attention due to its essential role in information security. Although existing methods can detect the tampered text region, the interpretation of such detection remains unclear,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-01-16 Chenfan Qu , Jian Liu , Haoxing Chen , Baihan Yu , Jingjing Liu , Weiqiang Wang , Lianwen Jin

Recent work has shown that adversarial Windows malware samples - referred to as adversarial EXEmples in this paper - can bypass machine learning-based detection relying on static code analysis by perturbing relatively few input bytes. To…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-06-29 Luca Demetrio , Scott E. Coull , Battista Biggio , Giovanni Lagorio , Alessandro Armando , Fabio Roli

Evaluating the effectiveness of software protection is crucial for selecting the most effective methods to safeguard assets within software applications. Obfuscation involves techniques that deliberately modify software to make it more…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-27 Leonardo Regano , Daniele Canavese , Cataldo Basile , Marco Torchiano

Be it for a malicious or legitimate purpose, packing, a transformation that consists in applying various operations like compression or encryption to a binary file, i.e. for making reverse engineering harder or obfuscating code, is widely…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-02-21 Alexandre D'Hondt , Charles-Henry Bertrand Van Ouytsel , Axel Legay