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Explanation mechanisms from the field of Counterfactual Thinking are a widely-used paradigm for Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI), as they follow a natural way of reasoning that humans are familiar with. However, all common…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2022-07-20 Silvan Mertes , Christina Karle , Tobias Huber , Katharina Weitz , Ruben Schlagowski , Elisabeth André

With the ongoing rise of machine learning, the need for methods for explaining decisions made by artificial intelligence systems is becoming a more and more important topic. Especially for image classification tasks, many state-of-the-art…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-05-10 Silvan Mertes , Tobias Huber , Katharina Weitz , Alexander Heimerl , Elisabeth André

Counterfactual explanations have emerged as a popular solution for the eXplainable AI (XAI) problem of elucidating the predictions of black-box deep-learning systems due to their psychological validity, flexibility across problem domains…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-12-20 Eoin Delaney , Arjun Pakrashi , Derek Greene , Mark T. Keane

In Explainable AI (XAI), counterfactual explanations (CEs) are a well-studied method to communicate feature relevance through contrastive reasoning of "what if" to explain AI models' predictions. However, they only focus on important (i.e.,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-21 Tuc Nguyen , James Michels , Hua Shen , Thai Le

Despite their high accuracies, modern complex image classifiers cannot be trusted for sensitive tasks due to their unknown decision-making process and potential biases. Counterfactual explanations are very effective in providing…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-06-13 Kamran Alipour , Aditya Lahiri , Ehsan Adeli , Babak Salimi , Michael Pazzani

In the realm of Artificial Intelligence (AI), the importance of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is increasingly recognized, particularly as AI models become more integral to our lives. One notable single-instance XAI approach is…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-03 Yukai Zhang , Ao Xu , Zihao Li , Tieru Wu

Explainable AI (XAI) is an increasingly important area of machine learning research, which aims to make black-box models transparent and interpretable. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to XAI that uses the so-called counterfactual…

We propose a BlackBox Counterfactual Explainer, designed to explain image classification models for medical applications. Classical approaches (e.g., saliency maps) that assess feature importance do not explain "how" imaging features in…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-11-21 Sumedha Singla , Motahhare Eslami , Brian Pollack , Stephen Wallace , Kayhan Batmanghelich

We examine counterfactual explanations for explaining the decisions made by model-based AI systems. The counterfactual approach we consider defines an explanation as a set of the system's data inputs that causally drives the decision (i.e.,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-10-14 Carlos Fernández-Loría , Foster Provost , Xintian Han

Natural language explanations of deep neural network decisions provide an intuitive way for a AI agent to articulate a reasoning process. Current textual explanations learn to discuss class discriminative features in an image. However, it…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2018-06-27 Lisa Anne Hendricks , Ronghang Hu , Trevor Darrell , Zeynep Akata

Counterfactual explanations have emerged as a prominent method in Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI), providing intuitive and actionable insights into Machine Learning model decisions. In contrast to other traditional feature…

While AI algorithms have shown remarkable success in various fields, their lack of transparency hinders their application to real-life tasks. Although explanations targeted at non-experts are necessary for user trust and human-AI…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-02-12 Jasmina Gajcin , Ivana Dusparic

In the field of medical imaging, particularly in tasks related to early disease detection and prognosis, understanding the reasoning behind AI model predictions is imperative for assessing their reliability. Conventional explanation methods…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-06-28 Yingying Fang , Shuang Wu , Zihao Jin , Caiwen Xu , Shiyi Wang , Simon Walsh , Guang Yang

Interpretable machine learning seeks to understand the reasoning process of complex black-box systems that are long notorious for lack of explainability. One flourishing approach is through counterfactual explanations, which provide…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-06-02 Vy Vo , Trung Le , Van Nguyen , He Zhao , Edwin Bonilla , Gholamreza Haffari , Dinh Phung

We present CounterfactualExplanations.jl: a package for generating Counterfactual Explanations (CE) and Algorithmic Recourse (AR) for black-box models in Julia. CE explain how inputs into a model need to change to yield specific model…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-08-15 Patrick Altmeyer , Arie van Deursen , Cynthia C. S. Liem

Counterfactual image editing is an important task in generative AI, which asks how an image would look if certain features were different. The current literature on the topic focuses primarily on changing individual features while remaining…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-03-18 Yushu Pan , Elias Bareinboim

Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) aims to help uncover flaws in an AI model's internal representations. But do people draw the right conclusions from its explanations? Specifically, do they recognize an AI's inability to distinguish…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Romy Müller , Wiebke Klausing

In the field of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI), counterfactual examples explain to a user the predictions of a trained decision model by indicating the modifications to be made to the instance so as to change its associated…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-05-11 Thibault Laugel , Adulam Jeyasothy , Marie-Jeanne Lesot , Christophe Marsala , Marcin Detyniecki

Explaining the predictions of a deep neural network is a nontrivial task, yet high-quality explanations for predictions are often a prerequisite for practitioners to trust these models. Counterfactual explanations aim to explain predictions…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-16 Andreas Abildtrup Hansen , Paraskevas Pegios , Anna Calissano , Aasa Feragen

Counterfactual explanations are one of the prominent eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) techniques, and suggest changes to input data that could alter predictions, leading to more favourable outcomes. Existing counterfactual methods…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-05-22 Andrei Buliga , Chiara Di Francescomarino , Chiara Ghidini , Marco Montali , Massimiliano Ronzani
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