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相关论文: Neyman Meets Causal Machine Learning: Experimental…

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This article considers causal inference for treatment contrasts from a randomized experiment using potential outcomes in a finite population setting. Adopting a Neymanian repeated sampling approach that integrates such causal inference with…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2016-06-17 Rahul Mukerjee , Tirthankar Dasgupta , Donald B. Rubin

Although there is now a large literature on policy evaluation and learning, much of the prior work assumes that the treatment assignment of one unit does not affect the outcome of another unit. Unfortunately, ignoring interference can lead…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2025-04-02 Yi Zhang , Kosuke Imai

An individualized treatment rule (ITR) tailors treatments to a patient's specific characteristics. However, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are often underpowered to detect the treatment effect heterogeneity needed for reliable ITR…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2026-04-14 Yuan Bian , Donglin Zeng , Hyun-Joon Yang , Leanne M. Williams , Yuanjia Wang

Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) are ideal for estimating causal effects, because the distributions of background covariates are similar in expectation across treatment groups. When estimating causal effects using observational data,…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2019-02-27 Anthony D. Scotina , Roee Gutman

To promote precision medicine, individualized treatment regimes (ITRs) are crucial for optimizing the expected clinical outcome based on patient-specific characteristics. However, existing ITR research has primarily focused on scenarios…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2024-02-20 Chang Wang , Lu Wang

Modern precision medicine aims to utilize real-world data to provide the best treatment for an individual patient. An individualized treatment rule (ITR) maps each patient's characteristics to a recommended treatment scheme that maximizes…

应用统计 · 统计学 2025-01-07 Andong Wang , Kelly Wentzlof , Johnny Rajala , Miontranese Green , Yunshu Zhang , Shu Yang

There is intense interest in applying machine learning to problems of causal inference in fields such as healthcare, economics and education. In particular, individual-level causal inference has important applications such as precision…

机器学习 · 统计学 2017-05-17 Uri Shalit , Fredrik D. Johansson , David Sontag

Machine learning has shown much promise in helping improve the quality of medical, legal, and financial decision-making. In these applications, machine learning models must satisfy two important criteria: (i) they must be causal, since the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-10-12 Carolyn Kim , Osbert Bastani

Individualized treatment rules (ITRs) aim to optimize healthcare by tailoring treatment decisions to patient-specific characteristics. Existing methods typically rely on either interpretable but inflexible models or highly flexible…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2026-02-13 Yasin Khadem Charvadeh , Katherine S. Panageas , Yuan Chen

Randomized trials typically estimate average relative treatment effects, but decisions on the benefit of a treatment are possibly better informed by more individualized predictions of the absolute treatment effect. In case of a binary…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2021-08-20 J Hoogland , J IntHout , M Belias , MM Rovers , RD Riley , FE Harrell , KGM Moons , TPA Debray , JB Reitsma

Individualized treatment rules (ITRs) are considered a promising recipe to deliver better policy interventions. One key ingredient in optimal ITR estimation problems is to estimate the average treatment effect conditional on a subject's…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2021-03-16 Hongming Pu , Bo Zhang

Dynamic treatment regimes (DTRs) are used in medicine to tailor sequential treatment decisions to patients by considering patient heterogeneity. Common methods for learning optimal DTRs, however, have shortcomings: they are typically based…

机器学习 · 统计学 2023-06-21 Theresa Blümlein , Joel Persson , Stefan Feuerriegel

Personalized medicine has gained much popularity recently as a way of providing better healthcare by tailoring treatments to suit individuals. Our research, motivated by the UK INTERVAL blood donation trial, focuses on estimating the…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2023-02-24 Yuejia Xu , Angela M. Wood , David J. Roberts , Brian D. M. Tom

Estimating individualized treatment rules (ITRs) is fundamental to precision medicine, where the goal is to tailor treatment decisions to individual patient characteristics. While numerous methods have been developed for ITR estimation,…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2026-05-15 Eun Jeong Oh , Min Qian

The field of precision medicine aims to tailor treatment based on patient-specific factors in a reproducible way. To this end, estimating an optimal individualized treatment regime (ITR) that recommends treatment decisions based on patient…

Individualized treatment recommendation (ITR) is an important analytic framework for precision medicine. The goal is to assign proper treatments to patients based on their individual characteristics. From the machine learning perspective,…

机器学习 · 统计学 2020-04-07 Haomiao Meng , Ying-Qi Zhao , Haoda Fu , Xingye Qiao

Recent development in the data-driven decision science has seen great advances in individualized decision making. Given data with individual covariates, treatment assignments and outcomes, policy makers best individualized treatment rule…

机器学习 · 统计学 2020-06-29 Weibin Mo , Zhengling Qi , Yufeng Liu

In the experimental design literature, Neyman allocation refers to the practice of allocating units into treated and control groups, potentially in unequal numbers proportional to their respective standard deviations, with the objective of…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2026-01-15 Jinglong Zhao

Precision medicine involves developing individualized treatment regimes (ITRs) which allow for treatment decisions to be tailored to patient characteristics. Naturally, the identification of the optimal regime, that is, the rule which…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2025-09-30 Misha Dolmatov , Erica E. M. Moodie , David A. Stephens , Dipankar Bandyopadhyay

This dissertation focuses on modern causal inference under uncertainty and data restrictions, with applications to neoadjuvant clinical trials, distributed data networks, and robust individualized decision making. In the first project, we…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2023-01-24 Xiaoqing Tan