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With the increasing popularity of large language models, concerns over content authenticity have led to the development of myriad watermarking schemes. These schemes can be used to detect a machine-generated text via an appropriate key,…

机器学习 · 统计学 2025-09-26 Soham Bonnerjee , Sayar Karmakar , Subhrajyoty Roy

Deep learning has been achieving top performance in many tasks. Since training of a deep learning model requires a great deal of cost, we need to treat neural network models as valuable intellectual properties. One concern in such a…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-01-21 Ryota Namba , Jun Sakuma

Watermarking combines an imperceptible change to an input image that will trigger a detector, to assert provenance and protect intellectual property. The literature has shown great interest in attacks on watermarking schemes: attackers are…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Maria Bulychev , Neil G. Marchant , Benjamin I. P. Rubinstein

Watermarking of deep neural networks (DNNs) has gained significant traction in recent years, with numerous (watermarking) strategies being proposed as mechanisms that can help verify the ownership of a DNN in scenarios where these models…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-06-04 Giulio Pagnotta , Dorjan Hitaj , Briland Hitaj , Fernando Perez-Cruz , Luigi V. Mancini

Watermarking plays a key role in the provenance and detection of AI-generated content. While existing methods prioritize robustness against real-world distortions (e.g., JPEG compression and noise addition), we reveal a fundamental…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-02-11 Zhongjie Ba , Yitao Zhang , Peng Cheng , Bin Gong , Xinyu Zhang , Qinglong Wang , Kui Ren

The Large Language Model (LLM) watermark is a newly emerging technique that shows promise in addressing concerns surrounding LLM copyright, monitoring AI-generated text, and preventing its misuse. The LLM watermark scheme commonly includes…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-05-31 Zhaoxi Zhang , Xiaomei Zhang , Yanjun Zhang , Leo Yu Zhang , Chao Chen , Shengshan Hu , Asif Gill , Shirui Pan

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has raised concerns regarding their potential misuse, particularly in generating fake news and misinformation. To address these risks, watermarking techniques for autoregressive language…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-24 Koichi Nagatsuka , Terufumi Morishita , Yasuhiro Sogawa

This paper introduces a novel problem, distributional information embedding, motivated by the practical demands of multi-bit watermarking for large language models (LLMs). Unlike traditional information embedding, which embeds information…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-07-03 Haiyun He , Yepeng Liu , Ziqiao Wang , Yongyi Mao , Yuheng Bu

In this paper, we propose a novel DNN watermarking method that utilizes a learnable image transformation method with a secret key. The proposed method embeds a watermark pattern in a model by using learnable transformed images and allows us…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-04-12 MaungMaung AprilPyone , Hitoshi Kiya

Watermarking for diffusion images has drawn considerable attention due to the widespread use of text-to-image diffusion models and the increasing need for their copyright protection. Recently, advanced watermarking techniques, such as Tree…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-04-21 Yaopeng Wang , Huiyu Xu , Zhibo Wang , Jiacheng Du , Zhichao Li , Yiming Li , Qiu Wang , Kui Ren

Obtaining the state of the art performance of deep learning models imposes a high cost to model generators, due to the tedious data preparation and the substantial processing requirements. To protect the model from unauthorized…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-11-27 Masoumeh Shafieinejad , Jiaqi Wang , Nils Lukas , Xinda Li , Florian Kerschbaum

As diffusion models (DMs) enable photorealistic image generation at unprecedented scale, watermarking techniques have become essential for provenance establishment and accountability. Existing methods face challenges: sampling-based…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Hong-Hanh Nguyen-Le , Van-Tuan Tran , Thuc D. Nguyen , Nhien-An Le-Khac

As deep learning (DL) models are widely and effectively used in Machine Learning as a Service (MLaaS) platforms, there is a rapidly growing interest in DL watermarking techniques that can be used to confirm the ownership of a particular…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-11-22 Mikhail Pautov , Nikita Bogdanov , Stanislav Pyatkin , Oleg Rogov , Ivan Oseledets

The success of DNNs has driven the extensive applications of person re-identification (ReID) into a new era. However, whether ReID inherits the vulnerability of DNNs remains unexplored. To examine the robustness of ReID systems is rather…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-04-10 Hongjun Wang , Guangrun Wang , Ya Li , Dongyu Zhang , Liang Lin

Integrating watermarking into the generation process of latent diffusion models (LDMs) simplifies detection and attribution of generated content. Semantic watermarks, such as Tree-Rings and Gaussian Shading, represent a novel class of…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-10 Andreas Müller , Denis Lukovnikov , Jonas Thietke , Asja Fischer , Erwin Quiring

Graph-structured datasets are increasingly central to sensitive applications spanning social networks, biomedical research, and cryptographic systems. As organizations share these datasets with trusted parties for collaborative analysis,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-12 Alexander Nemecek , Emre Yilmaz , Erman Ayday

As artificial intelligence surpasses human capabilities in text generation, the necessity to authenticate the origins of AI-generated content has become paramount. Unbiased watermarks offer a powerful solution by embedding statistical…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-07 Ruibo Chen , Yihan Wu , Junfeng Guo , Heng Huang

The availability of bandwidth for internet access is sufficient enough to communicate digital assets. These digital assets are subjected to various types of threats. [19] As a result of this, protection mechanism required for the protection…

多媒体 · 计算机科学 2013-01-23 Mahimn Pandya , Hiren Joshi , Ashish Jani

The rise of machine learning as a service and model sharing platforms has raised the need of traitor-tracing the models and proof of authorship. Watermarking technique is the main component of existing methods for protecting copyright of…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-06-17 Ziqi Yang , Hung Dang , Ee-Chien Chang

Watermarking language models is essential for distinguishing between human and machine-generated text and thus maintaining the integrity and trustworthiness of digital communication. We present a novel green/red list watermarking approach…

机器学习 · 统计学 2025-06-13 Yangxinyu Xie , Xiang Li , Tanwi Mallick , Weijie J. Su , Ruixun Zhang