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Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success as model sizes continue to grow, yet their deployment remains challenging due to significant computational and memory demands. Quantization has emerged as a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-26 Yu Zhang , Mingzi Wang , Lancheng Zou , Wulong Liu , Hui-Ling Zhen , Mingxuan Yuan , Bei Yu

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized numerous applications, yet their deployment remains challenged by memory constraints on local devices. While scaling laws have enhanced LLM capabilities, the primary bottleneck has shifted…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-18 Xinghao Wang , Pengyu Wang , Bo Wang , Dong Zhang , Yunhua Zhou , Xipeng Qiu

Large language models (LLMs) show excellent performance but are compute- and memory-intensive. Quantization can reduce memory and accelerate inference. However, existing methods cannot maintain accuracy and hardware efficiency at the same…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-03 Guangxuan Xiao , Ji Lin , Mickael Seznec , Hao Wu , Julien Demouth , Song Han

Post-training compression is currently divided into two contrasting regimes. On the one hand, fast, data-free, and model-agnostic methods (e.g., NF4 or HQQ) offer maximum accessibility but suffer from functional collapse at extreme…

How can we quantize large language models while preserving accuracy? Quantization is essential for deploying large language models (LLMs) efficiently. Binary-coding quantization (BCQ) and uniform quantization (UQ) are promising quantization…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-17 Seungcheol Park , Jeongin Bae , Beomseok Kwon , Minjun Kim , Byeongwook Kim , Se Jung Kwon , U Kang , Dongsoo Lee

We introduce a quantization-aware training algorithm that guarantees avoiding numerical overflow when reducing the precision of accumulators during inference. We leverage weight normalization as a means of constraining parameters during…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-02-01 Ian Colbert , Alessandro Pappalardo , Jakoba Petri-Koenig

Generative Pre-trained Transformer models, known as GPT or OPT, set themselves apart through breakthrough performance across complex language modelling tasks, but also by their extremely high computational and storage costs. Specifically,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-03-23 Elias Frantar , Saleh Ashkboos , Torsten Hoefler , Dan Alistarh

Weight quantisation is an essential technique for enabling efficient training and deployment of modern deep learning models. However, the recipe book of quantisation formats is large and formats are often chosen empirically. In this paper,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-16 Douglas Orr , Luka Ribar , Carlo Luschi

The growing computational demands of training large language models (LLMs) necessitate more efficient methods. Quantized training presents a promising solution by enabling low-bit arithmetic operations to reduce these costs. While FP8…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-18 Ruizhe Wang , Yeyun Gong , Xiao Liu , Guoshuai Zhao , Ziyue Yang , Baining Guo , Zhengjun Zha , Peng Cheng

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have shown surprising performance in task-specific workloads as well as general tasks with the given prompts. However, to achieve unprecedented performance, recent LLMs use billions to trillions of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-21 Geonhwa Jeong , Po-An Tsai , Stephen W. Keckler , Tushar Krishna

Large Language Models (LLMs) face significant deployment challenges due to their substantial resource requirements. While low-bit quantized weights can reduce memory usage and improve inference efficiency, current hardware lacks native…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-10 Pengxiang Zhao , Xiaoming Yuan

Improving the efficiency of inference in Large Language Models (LLMs) is a critical area of research. Post-training Quantization (PTQ) is a popular technique, but it often faces challenges at low-bit levels, particularly in downstream…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-04-15 Wenjin Ke , Zhe Li , Dong Li , Lu Tian , Emad Barsoum

Diffusion models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in image synthesis and related generative tasks. Nevertheless, their practicality for real-world applications is constrained by substantial computational costs and latency issues.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-04-16 Yefei He , Jing Liu , Weijia Wu , Hong Zhou , Bohan Zhuang

Learned image compression (LIC) has reached the traditional hand-crafted methods such as JPEG2000 and BPG in terms of the coding gain. However, the large model size of the network prohibits the usage of LIC on resource-limited embedded…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2020-07-10 Heming Sun , Zhengxue Cheng , Masaru Takeuchi , Jiro Katto

Model quantization reduces neural network parameter precision to achieve compression, but often compromises accuracy. Existing post-training quantization (PTQ) methods employ iterative parameter updates to preserve accuracy under high…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-09-09 Zekang Zheng , Haokun Li , Yaofo Chen , Mingkui Tan , Qing Du

Quantization has gained attention as a promising solution for the cost-effective deployment of large and small language models. However, most prior work has been limited to perplexity or basic knowledge tasks and lacks a comprehensive…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-05 Jemin Lee , Sihyeong Park , Jinse Kwon , Jihun Oh , Yongin Kwon

Large language models(LLMs) exhibit excellent performance across a variety of tasks, but they come with significant computational and storage costs. Quantizing these models is an effective way to alleviate this issue. However, existing…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-11-14 Baisong Li , Xingwang Wang , Haixiao Xu

In the era of large language models (LLMs), weight-activation quantization helps fit models on edge device by reducing memory and compute bit-widths. However, three challenges persist for energy constrained hardware: (1) even after…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-23 Chenyu Wang , Zhanglu Yan , Zhi Zhou , Xu Chen , Weng-Fai Wong

The growing scale of large language models (LLMs) not only demands extensive computational resources but also raises environmental concerns due to their increasing carbon footprint. Model quantization emerges as an effective approach that…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-07-15 Saima Afrin , Bowen Xu , Antonio Mastropaolo

Model quantization reduces the bit-width of weights and activations, improving memory efficiency and inference speed in diffusion models. However, achieving 4-bit quantization remains challenging. Existing methods, primarily based on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-29 Maosen Zhao , Pengtao Chen , Chong Yu , Yan Wen , Xudong Tan , Tao Chen