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Artificial intelligence and machine learning are reshaping how we approach scientific discovery, not by replacing established methods but by extending what researchers can probe, predict, and design. In this roadmap we provide a…

Artificial Intelligence is moving from models that only generate text to Agentic AI, where systems behave as autonomous entities that can perceive, reason, plan, and act. Large Language Models (LLMs) are no longer used only as passive…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Arunkumar V , Gangadharan G. R. , Rajkumar Buyya

This study investigates the use of local optima network (LON) analysis, a derivative of the fitness landscape of candidate solutions, to characterise and visualise the neural architecture space. The search space of feedforward neural…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2022-06-15 Isak Potgieter , Christopher W. Cleghorn , Anna S. Bosman

A new prior is proposed for learning representations of high-level concepts of the kind we manipulate with language. This prior can be combined with other priors in order to help disentangling abstract factors from each other. It is…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-12-04 Yoshua Bengio

Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM)consists in the concurrent construction of a model of the environment (the map), and the estimation of the state of the robot moving within it. The SLAM community has made astonishing progress…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2017-01-31 Cesar Cadena , Luca Carlone , Henry Carrillo , Yasir Latif , Davide Scaramuzza , Jose Neira , Ian Reid , John J. Leonard

Temporal prediction is critical for making intelligent and robust decisions in complex dynamic environments. Motion prediction needs to model the inherently uncertain future which often contains multiple potential outcomes, due to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-12-10 Yichuan Charlie Tang , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) will transform many aspects of our lives and society, bringing immense opportunities but also posing significant risks and challenges. The next several decades may well be a turning point for…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2024-04-23 Eric Horvitz , Vincent Conitzer , Sheila McIlraith , Peter Stone

This comprehensive report distinguishes prior works by the cognitive functions they innovate. Many works claim an almost "human-like" cognitive capability in their world models. To evaluate these claims requires a proper grounding in first…

Case-based reasoning is a cornerstone of U.S. legal practice, requiring professionals to argue about a current case by drawing analogies to and distinguishing from past precedents. While Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Li Zhang , Matthias Grabmair , Morgan Gray , Kevin Ashley

Recent advances in algorithmic design show how to utilize predictions obtained by machine learning models from past and present data. These approaches have demonstrated an enhancement in performance when the predictions are accurate, while…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-13 Marek Elias , Haim Kaplan , Yishay Mansour , Shay Moran

In recent years, the impact of machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) in society has been absolutely remarkable. This impact is expected to continue in the foreseeable future. However,the adoption of AI/ML is also a cause of…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-06-19 Joao Marques-Silva

Lived experiences fundamentally shape how individuals interact with AI systems, influencing perceptions of safety, trust, and usability. While prior research has focused on developing techniques to emulate human preferences, and proposed…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2025-08-12 Sanjana Gautam , Mohit Chandra , Ankolika De , Tatiana Chakravorti , Girik Malik , Munmun De Choudhury

Computers have a direct impact on our lives nowadays. Human's interaction with the computer has modified with the passage of time as improvement in technology occurred the better the human computer interaction became. Today we are…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2011-07-21 Umer Farooq , M. Aqeel Iqbal , Sohail Nazir

The use of algorithms for decision-making in higher education is steadily growing, promising cost-savings to institutions and personalized service for students but also raising ethical challenges around surveillance, fairness, and…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2023-02-14 Kelly McConvey , Shion Guha , Anastasia Kuzminykh

Theory based AI research has had a hard time recently and the aim here is to propose a model of what LLMs are actually doing when they impress us with their language skills. The model integrates three established theories of human…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-01 Peter Wallis

Given the ever increasing bandwidth of the visual information available to many intelligent systems, it is becoming essential to endow them with a sense of what is worthwhile their attention and what can be safely disregarded. This article…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2011-08-16 Diego Rother , Simon Schütz , René Vidal

A cognitive handoff is a multipurpose handoff that achieves many desirable features simultaneously; e.g., seamlessness, autonomy, security, correctness, adaptability, etc. But, the development of cognitive handoffs is a challenging task…

The rapid expansion of Learning Analytics (LA) and Artificial Intelligence in Education (AIED) offers new scalable, data-intensive systems but also raises concerns about data privacy and agency. Excluding stakeholders -- like students and…

Computing is a critical driving force in the development of human civilization. In recent years, we have witnessed the emergence of intelligent computing, a new computing paradigm that is reshaping traditional computing and promoting…

Real-time understanding of continuous video streams is essential for intelligent agents operating in high-stakes environments, including autonomous vehicles, surveillance drones, and disaster response robots. Yet, most existing video…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-09-26 Aiden Chang , Celso De Melo , Stephanie M. Lukin