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The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) generates an approximate solution to combinatorial optimization problems using a variational ansatz circuit defined by parameterized layers of quantum evolution. In theory, the…

Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is one of the most promising candidates to achieve the quantum advantage in solving combinatorial optimization problems. The process of finding a good set of variational parameters in the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-07-18 Kien X. Nguyen , Bao Bach , Ilya Safro

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) are widely applied in the noisy intermediate-scale quantum era and are expected to demonstrate quantum advantage. However, training VQAs faces difficulties, one of which is the so-called barren plateaus…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-02-07 Huan-Yu Liu , Tai-Ping Sun , Yu-Chun Wu , Yong-Jian Han , Guo-Ping Guo

Two main challenges preventing efficient training of variational quantum algorithms and quantum machine learning models are local minima and barren plateaus. Typically, barren plateaus are associated with deep circuits, while shallow…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-02-10 Nikita A. Nemkov , Evgeniy O. Kiktenko , Aleksey K. Fedorov

Quantum Approximate Optimization algorithm (QAOA) aims to search for approximate solutions to discrete optimization problems with near-term quantum computers. As there are no algorithmic guarantee possible for QAOA to outperform classical…

量子物理 · 物理学 2022-07-25 Bingzhi Zhang , Akira Sone , Quntao Zhuang

Training quantum neural networks (QNNs) using gradient-based or gradient-free classical optimisation approaches is severely impacted by the presence of barren plateaus in the cost landscapes. In this paper, we devise a framework for…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-06-04 Yidong Liao , Min-Hsiu Hsieh , Chris Ferrie

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a variational quantum algorithm (VQA) ideal for noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) processors, and is highly successful in solving combinatorial optimization problems (COPs). It…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-03-23 Francesco Aldo Venturelli , Sreetama Das , Filippo Caruso

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) promises to solve classically intractable computational problems in the area of combinatorial optimization. A growing amount of evidence suggests that the originally proposed form of the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2022-05-04 Michelle Chalupnik , Hans Melo , Yuri Alexeev , Alexey Galda

We propose and study Th-QAOA (pronounced Threshold QAOA), a variation of the Quantum Alternating Operator Ansatz (QAOA) that replaces the standard phase separator operator, which encodes the objective function, with a threshold function…

量子物理 · 物理学 2022-06-06 John Golden , Andreas Bärtschi , Daniel O'Malley , Stephan Eidenbenz

Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a hybrid algorithm whose control parameters are classically optimized. In addition to the variational parameters, the right choice of hyperparameter is crucial for improving the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2022-06-30 Yu Pan , Yifan Tong , Yi Yang

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a promising quantum-classical hybrid technique to solve combinatorial optimization problems in near-term gate-based noisy quantum devices. In QAOA, the objective is a function of the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2019-07-24 Mahabubul Alam , Abdullah Ash-Saki , Swaroop Ghosh

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is one of the most promising candidates for achieving quantum advantage through quantum-enhanced combinatorial optimization. Optimal QAOA parameter concentration effects for special…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-07-10 Jose Falla , Quinn Langfitt , Yuri Alexeev , Ilya Safro

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) have demonstrated considerable potential in solving NP-hard combinatorial problems in the contemporary near intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era. The quantum approximate optimisation algorithm (QAOA)…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-05-09 Boy Choy , David J. Wales

QAOA is a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm to solve optimization problems in gate-based quantum computers. It is based on a variational quantum circuit that can be interpreted as a discretization of the annealing process that quantum…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-05-28 Francisco Chicano , Zakaria Abdelmoiz Dahi , Gabriel Luque

Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithms (QAOA) promise efficient solutions to classically intractable combinatorial optimization problems by harnessing shallow-depth quantum circuits. Yet, their performance and scalability often hinge…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-05-02 Kuan-Cheng Chen , Hiromichi Matsuyama , Wei-Hao Huang

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a general purpose quantum algorithm designed for combinatorial optimization. We analyze its expected performance and prove concentration properties at any constant level (number of…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-07-19 Joao Basso , David Gamarnik , Song Mei , Leo Zhou

Constrained combinatorial optimization with strict linear constraints underpins applications in drug discovery, power grids, logistics, and finance, yet remains computationally demanding for classical algorithms, especially at large scales.…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-04-07 Yajie Hao , Qiming Ding , Xiao Yuan , Xiaoting Wang

Variational quantum algorithms is one of the most representative algorithms in quantum computing, which has a wide range of applications in quantum machine learning, quantum simulation and other related fields. However, they face challenges…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-02-22 Xiao Shi , Yun Shang

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a hybrid variational quantum-classical algorithm that solves combinatorial optimization problems. While there is evidence suggesting that the fixed form of the standard QAOA ansatz is…

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm that shows promise in efficiently solving the MaxCut problem, a representative example of combinatorial optimization. However, its effectiveness…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-01-22 Fanxu Meng , Xiangzhen Zhou , Pengcheng Zhu , Yu Luo