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In some quantum gravity (QG) theories, Lorentz symmetry may be broken above the Planck scale. The Lorentz invariance violation (LIV) may induce observable effects at low energies and be detected at high energy astrophysical measurements.…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2024-05-03 Yu-Ming Yang , Xiao-Jun Bi , Peng-Fei Yin

It has been long conjectured that a signature of Quantum Gravity will be Lorentz Invariance Violation (LIV) that could be observed at energies much lower than the Planck scale. One possible signature of LIV is an energy-dependent speed of…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2024-03-29 Tsvi Piran , Dmitry D. Ofengeim

The Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory~(LHAASO) reported observation of photons with energies above 10~TeV from gamma-ray burst GRB 221009A. A suggestion was proposed that this result may contradict our knowledge of special…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2024-04-23 Hao Li , Bo-Qiang Ma

As a potential consequence of Lorentz invariance violation~(LIV), threshold anomalies open a window to study LIV. Recently the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory~(LHAASO) reported that more than 5000 photons from GRB 221009A have…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2023-12-14 Hao Li , Bo-Qiang Ma

The preliminary detections of the gamma-ray burst 221009A up to 18 TeV by LHAASO and up to 251 TeV by Carpet 2 have been reported through Astronomer's Telegrams and Gamma-ray Coordination Network circulars. Since this burst is at redshift…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2023-02-14 Justin D. Finke , Soebur Razzaque

The tiny modification of dispersion relation induced by Lorentz violation (LV) is an essential issue in quantum gravity (QG) theories, which can be magnified into significant effects when dealing with astrophysical observations at high…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2021-10-01 Liang Chen , Zheng Xiong , Cong Li , SongZhan Chen , HuiHai He

Lorentz invariance violation (LIV) has long been recognized as an observable low-energy signature of quantum gravity. In spite of a great effort to detect LIV effects, so far only lower bounds have been derived. The high energy photons from…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2025-04-04 Giorgio Galanti , Marco Roncadelli

The air shower array Carpet-3 detected a 300 TeV photon from the direction of GRB 221009A at 4536 s after the Fermi-GBM trigger for this event. If the association with this gamma-ray burst is real, it poses two puzzles. First, why was this…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2025-10-28 Dmitry D. Ofengeim , Tsvi Piran

We show that the GRB 221009A spectrum detected by LHAASO can be used to probe effects of quadratic subluminal Lorentz Invariance Violation (LIV) through the enhancement of the observed flux at the highest energies. In particular, we argue…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2025-11-20 Filip Rescic , Luis Recabarren Vergara , Michele Doro , Tomislav Terzić

The Lorentz invariance violation (LIV) predicted by some quantum gravity theories would manifest as an energy-dependent speed of light, which may potentially distort the observed temporal profile of photons from astrophysical sources at…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2025-11-10 Yu-Chen Hua , Xiao-Jun Bi , Yu-Ming Yang , Peng-Fei Yin

The brightest ever observed gamma ray burst GRB 221009A at redshift $z = 0.151$ was detected on October 9, 2022. Its highest energy photons have been recorded by the LHAASO collaboration up to above $12 \, \rm TeV$, and one of the at ${\cal…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2025-02-06 Giorgio Galanti , Marco Roncadelli , Giacomo Bonnoli , Lara Nava , Fabrizio Tavecchio

It has been reported that the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) observed very high energy photons from GRB 221009A, with the highest energy reaching 18~TeV. We find that observation of such high energy photons is quite…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2023-03-07 Hao Li , Bo-Qiang Ma

Recently the LHAASO Collaboration published the detection of 12 ultra-high-energy gamma-ray sources above 100 TeV, with the highest energy photon reaching 1.4 PeV. The first detection of PeV gamma rays from astrophysical sources may provide…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2026-01-13 Zhen Cao , F. Aharonian , Q. An , Axikegu , L. X. Bai , Y. X. Bai , Y. W. Bao , D. Bastieri , X. J. Bi , Y. J. Bi , H. Cai , J. T. Cai , Zhe Cao , J. Chang , J. F. Chang , B. M. Chen , E. S. Chen , J. Chen , Liang Chen , Liang Chen , Long Chen , M. J. Chen , M. L. Chen , Q. H. Chen , S. H. Chen , S. Z. Chen , T. L. Chen , X. L. Chen , Y. Chen , N. Cheng , Y. D. Cheng , S. W. Cui , X. H. Cui , Y. D. Cui , B. D'Ettorre Piazzoli , B. Z. Dai , H. L. Dai , Z. G. Dai , Danzengluobu , D. della Volpe , X. J. Dong , K. K. Duan , J. H. Fan , Y. Z. Fan , Z. X. Fan , J. Fang , K. Fang , C. F. Feng , L. Feng , S. H. Feng , Y. L. Feng , B. Gao , C. D. Gao , L. Q. Gao , Q. Gao , W. Gao , M. M. Ge , L. S. Geng , G. H. Gong , Q. B. Gou , M. H. Gu , F. L. Guo , J. G. Guo , X. L. Guo , Y. Q. Guo , Y. Y. Guo , Y. A. Han , H. H. He , H. N. He , J. C. He , S. L. He , X. B. He , Y. He , M. Heller , Y. K. Hor , C. Hou , X. Hou , H. B. Hu , S. Hu , S. C. Hu , X. J. Hu , D. H. Huang , Q. L. Huang , W. H. Huang , X. T. Huang , X. Y. Huang , Z. C. Huang , F. Ji , X. L. Ji , H. Y. Jia , K. Jiang , Z. J. Jiang , C. Jin , T. Ke , D. Kuleshov , K. Levochkin , B. B. Li , Cheng Li , Cong Li , F. Li , H. B. Li , H. C. Li , H. Y. Li , Jian Li , Jie Li , K. Li , W. L. Li , X. R. Li , Xin Li , Xin Li , Y. Li , Y. Z. Li , Zhe Li , Zhuo Li , E. W. Liang , Y. F. Liang , S. J. Lin , B. Liu , C. Liu , D. Liu , H. Liu , H. D. Liu , J. Liu , J. L. Liu , J. S. Liu , J. Y. Liu , M. Y. Liu , R. Y. Liu , S. M. Liu , W. Liu , Y. Liu , Y. N. Liu , Z. X. Liu , W. J. Long , R. Lu , H. K. Lv , B. Q. Ma , L. L. Ma , X. H. Ma , J. R. Mao , A. Masood , Z. Min , W. Mitthumsiri , T. Montaruli , Y. C. Nan , B. Y. Pang , P. Pattarakijwanich , Z. Y. Pei , M. Y. Qi , Y. Q. Qi , B. Q. Qiao , J. J. Qin , D. Ruffolo , V. Rulev , A. S'aiz , L. Shao , O. Shchegolev , X. D. Sheng , J. R. Shi , H. C. Song , Yu. V. Stenkin , V. Stepanov , Y. Su , Q. N. Sun , X. N. Sun , Z. B. Sun , P. H. T. Tam , Z. B. Tang , W. W. Tian , B. D. Wang , C. Wang , H. Wang , H. G. Wang , J. C. Wang , J. S. Wang , L. P. Wang , L. Y. Wang , R. N. Wang , W. Wang , W. Wang , X. G. Wang , X. J. Wang , X. Y. Wang , Y. Wang , Y. D. Wang , Y. J. Wang , Y. P. Wang , Z. H. Wang , Z. X. Wang , Zhen Wang , Zheng Wang , D. M. Wei , J. J. Wei , Y. J. Wei , T. Wen , C. Y. Wu , H. R. Wu , S. Wu , W. X. Wu , X. F. Wu , S. Q. Xi , J. Xia , J. J. Xia , G. M. Xiang , D. X. Xiao , G. Xiao , H. B. Xiao , G. G. Xin , Y. L. Xin , Y. Xing , D. L. Xu , R. X. Xu , L. Xue , D. H. Yan , J. Z. Yan , C. W. Yang , F. F. Yang , J. Y. Yang , L. L. Yang , M. J. Yang , R. Z. Yang , S. B. Yang , Y. H. Yao , Z. G. Yao , Y. M. Ye , L. Q. Yin , N. Yin , X. H. You , Z. Y. You , Y. H. Yu , Q. Yuan , H. D. Zeng , T. X. Zeng , W. Zeng , Z. K. Zeng , M. Zha , X. X. Zhai , B. B. Zhang , H. M. Zhang , H. Y. Zhang , J. L. Zhang , J. W. Zhang , L. X. Zhang , Li Zhang , Lu Zhang , P. F. Zhang , P. P. Zhang , R. Zhang , S. R. Zhang , S. S. Zhang , X. Zhang , X. P. Zhang , Y. F. Zhang , Y. L. Zhang , Yi Zhang , Yong Zhang , B. Zhao , J. Zhao , L. Zhao , L. Z. Zhao , S. P. Zhao , F. Zheng , Y. Zheng , B. Zhou , H. Zhou , J. N. Zhou , P. Zhou , R. Zhou , X. X. Zhou , C. G. Zhu , F. R. Zhu , H. Zhu , K. J. Zhu , X. Zuo

Lorentz invariance violation (LV) is examined through the time delay between high-energy and low-energy photons in gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Previous studies determined the LV energy scale as $E_{\rm LV} \simeq 3.60 \times 10^{17}$~GeV using…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2025-04-02 Hanlin Song , Bo-Qiang Ma

The Lorentz Invariance Violation (LIV), a proposed consequence of certain quantum gravity (QG) scenarios, could instigate an energy-dependent group velocity for ultra-relativistic particles. This energy dependence, although suppressed by…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2025-02-06 MAGIC Collaboration , S. Abe , J. Abhir , A. Abhishek , V. A. Acciari , A. Aguasca-Cabot , I. Agudo , T. Aniello , S. Ansoldi , L. A. Antonelli , A. Arbet Engels , C. Arcaro , M. Artero , K. Asano , A. Babić , A. Baquero , U. Barres de Almeida , J. A. Barrio , I. Batković , A. Bautista , J. Baxter , J. Becerra González , W. Bednarek , E. Bernardini , J. Bernete , A. Berti , J. Besenrieder , C. Bigongiari , A. Biland , O. Blanch , G. Bonnoli , Ž. Bošnjak , E. Bronzini , I. Burelli , G. Busetto , A. Campoy-Ordaz , A. Carosi , R. Carosi , M. Carretero-Castrillo , A. J. Castro-Tirado , D. Cerasole , G. Ceribella , Y. Chai , A. Cifuentes , E. Colombo , J. L. Contreras , J. Cortina , S. Covino , G. D'Amico , V. D'Elia , P. Da Vela , F. Dazzi , A. De Angelis , B. De Lotto , R. de Menezes , A. Del Popolo , M. Delfino , J. Delgado , C. Delgado Mendez , F. Di Pierro , R. Di Tria , L. Di Venere , A. Donini , D. Dorner , M. Doro , D. Elsaesser , G. Emery , J. Escudero , L. Fariña , A. Fattorini , L. Foffano , L. Font , S. Fröse , S. Fukami , Y. Fukazawa , R. J. García López , M. Garczarczyk , S. Gasparyan , M. Gaug , J. G. Giesbrecht Paiva , N. Giglietto , F. Giordano , P. Gliwny , N. Godinović , T. Gradetzke , R. Grau , D. Green , J. G. Green , P. Günther , D. Hadasch , A. Hahn , T. Hassan , L. Heckmann , J. Herrera Llorente , D. Hrupec , M. Hütten , R. Imazawa , K. Ishio , I. Jiménez Martínez , J. Jormanainen , S. Kankkunen , T. Kayanoki , D. Kerszberg , G. W. Kluge , Y. Kobayashi , P. M. Kouch , H. Kubo , J. Kushida , M. Láinez , A. Lamastra , F. Leone , E. Lindfors , L. Linhoff , S. Lombardi , F. Longo , R. López-Coto , M. López-Moya , A. López-Oramas , S. Loporchio , A. Lorini , E. Lyard , B. Machado de Oliveira Fraga , P. Majumdar , M. Makariev , G. Maneva , M. Manganaro , S. Mangano , K. Mannheim , M. Mariotti , M. Martínez , M. Martínez-Chicharro , A. Mas-Aguilar , D. Mazin , S. Menchiari , S. Mender , D. Miceli , T. Miener , J. M. Miranda , R. Mirzoyan , M. Molero González , E. Molina , H. A. Mondal , A. Moralejo , D. Morcuende , T. Nakamori , C. Nanci , V. Neustroev , L. Nickel , M. Nievas Rosillo , C. Nigro , L. Nikolić , K. Nilsson , K. Nishijima , T. Njoh Ekoume , K. Noda , L. Nogues , S. Nozaki , Y. Ohtani , A. Okumura , J. Otero-Santos , S. Paiano , M. Palatiello , D. Paneque , R. Paoletti , J. M. Paredes , M. Peresano , M. Persic , M. Pihet , G. Pirola , F. Podobnik , P. G. Prada Moroni , E. Prandini , G. Principe , C. Priyadarshi , W. Rhode , M. Ribó , J. Rico , C. Righi , N. Sahakyan , T. Saito , F. G. Saturni , B. Schleicher , K. Schmidt , F. Schmuckermaier , J. L. Schubert , T. Schweizer , A. Sciaccaluga , G. Silvestri , J. Sitarek , V. Sliusar , D. Sobczynska , A. Stamerra , J. Strišković , D. Strom , Y. Suda , H. Tajima , M. Takahashi , R. Takeishi , F. Tavecchio , P. Temnikov , K. Terauchi , T. Terzić , M. Teshima , S. Truzzi , A. Tutone , S. Ubach , J. van Scherpenberg , M. Vazquez Acosta , S. Ventura , I. Viale , C. F. Vigorito , V. Vitale , I. Vovk , R. Walter , M. Will , C. Wunderlich , T. Yamamoto

It is reported that the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) observed thousands of very-high-energy photons up to $\sim$18 TeV from GRB 221009A. We study the survival rate of these photons via considering the fact that they…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2023-02-01 Zhi-Chao Zhao , Yong Zhou , Sai Wang

The LHAASO Collaboration detected the gamma ray burst GRB 221009A at energies above $500 \, {\rm GeV}$ with a tail extending up to $18 \, \rm TeV$, whose spectral analysis has presently been performed up to $7 \, \rm TeV$ for the lower…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2023-12-22 Giorgio Galanti , Lara Nava , Marco Roncadelli , Fabrizio Tavecchio , Giacomo Bonnoli

We analyze the MeV/GeV emission from four bright Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) observed by the Fermi-Large Area Telescope to produce robust, stringent constraints on a dependence of the speed of light in vacuo on the photon energy (vacuum…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2013-06-06 V. Vasileiou , A. Jacholkowska , F. Piron , J. Bolmont , C. Couturier , J. Granot , F. W. Stecker , J. Cohen-Tanugi , F. Longo

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are among the most potent probes of Lorentz invariance violation (LIV), offering direct constraints on the quantum gravity energy scale ($E_{\rm QG}$) based on observations of energy-dependent time lags. Individual…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2025-12-30 Shen-Shi Du , Yi Gong , Jun-Jie Wei , Zi-Ke Liu , Zhi-Qiang You , Yan-Zhi Meng , Xing-Jiang Zhu

Lorentz invariance violation~(LIV) can change the threshold behavior predicted by special relativity and cause threshold anomalies which affect the propagation of cosmic photons. In this work, we focus on the threshold anomaly effect on…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2023-03-07 Hao Li , Bo-Qiang Ma
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