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Nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) has been extensively used to study thermal transport at various length scales in many materials. In this method, two local thermostats at different temperatures are used to generate a nonequilibrium…

We develop a thermodynamic theory for machine learning (ML) systems. Similar to physical thermodynamic systems which are characterized by energy and entropy, ML systems possess these characteristics as well. This comparison inspire us to…

A recently proposed class of machine-learning interatomic potentials --- Moment tensor potentials (MTPs) --- is investigated in this work. MTPs are able to actively select configurations and parametrize the potential on-the-fly. It is shown…

Two-dimensional fullerene networks have recently attracted increasing interest due to their diverse bonding topologies and mechanically robust architectures. In this work, we develop an accurate machine-learned potential NEP-C$_{24}$ for…

Whether Large Language Models (LLMs) develop coherent internal world models remains a core debate. While conventional Next-Token Prediction (NTP) focuses on one-step-ahead supervision, Multi-Token Prediction (MTP) has shown promise in…

Though offering unprecedented pathways to molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of technologically-relevant materials and conditions, machine-learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) are typically trained for ``simple'' materials and…

We investigate the transverse momentum distribution (TMD) statistics from three different theoretical approaches. In particular, we explore the framework used for string models, wherein the particle production is given by the Schwinger…

Inspired by some recent molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and experiments on suspended graphene nanoribbons, we study a simplified model where the atoms are disposed in a rectangular lattice coupled by nearest neighbor interactions which…

Dual-phase $\gamma$-TiAl and $\alpha_2$-Ti$_{3}$Al alloys exhibit high strength and creep resistance at high temperatures. However, they suffer from low tensile ductility and fracture toughness at room temperature. Experimental studies show…

Next token prediction paradigm has been prevailing for autoregressive models in the era of LLMs. The current default sampling choice for popular LLMs is temperature scaling together with nucleus sampling to balance diversity and coherence.…

Ternary pnictides semiconductors with II-IV-V2 stoichiometry hold potential as cost effective thermoelectric materials with suitable electronic transport properties, but their lattice thermal conductivities ($\kappa$) are typically too…

Mean-field Langevin dynamics (MFLD) minimizes an entropy-regularized nonlinear convex functional defined over the space of probability distributions. MFLD has gained attention due to its connection with noisy gradient descent for mean-field…

Nickel (Ni) is a magnetic transition metal with two allotropic phases, stable face-centered cubic (FCC) and metastable hexagonal close-packed (HCP), widely used in structural applications. Magnetism affects many mechanical and defect…

We establish an approach to compute linear-response functions to elucidate heat waves and non-local thermal transport. The theory is able to describe the response of a system to external heat sources that are nonuniform in space and time.…

Over the past decade inter-atomic potentials based on machine-learning (ML) techniques have become an indispensable tool in the atomic-scale modeling of materials. Trained on energies and forces obtained from electronic-structure…

Reduction of lattice thermal conductivity ($\kappa_L$) is one of the most effective ways of improving thermoelectric properties. However extraction of $\kappa_L$ from the total measured thermal conductivity can be misleading if Lorenz ($L$)…

Lattice dynamics in low-dimensional materials and, in particular, the quadratic behaviour of the flexural acoustic modes play a fundamental role in their thermomechanical properties. A first-principles evaluation of these can be very…

We analyze prediction error in stochastic dynamical systems with memory, focusing on generalized Langevin equations (GLEs) formulated as stochastic Volterra equations. We establish that, under a strongly convex potential, trajectory…

Molecular dynamics simulations play an important role in studying heat transport in complex materials. The lattice thermal conductivity can be computed either using the Green-Kubo formula in equilibrium MD (EMD) simulations or using…

We propose a data-driven approach for constructing machine-learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) trained under a regularization with the aim of avoiding nonphysical heat flux. Specifically, we introduce a regularization term for the heat…