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Ensemble disagreement is widely used as a proxy for epistemic uncertainty in medical image segmentation. In practice, many studies form ensembles via K-fold cross-validation (CV), yet refer to them as ``deep ensembles'' (DE). Because CV…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-25 Tristan Kirscher , Markus Bujotzek , Yannick Kirchhoff , Maximilian Rokuss , Fabian Isensee , Kim-Celine Kahl , Balint Kovacs , Klaus Maier-Hein

Despite extensive research on neural network calibration, existing methods typically apply global transformations that treat all predictions uniformly, overlooking the heterogeneous reliability of individual predictions. Furthermore, the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-22 Hassan Gharoun , Mohammad Sadegh Khorshidi , Kasra Ranjbarigderi , Fang Chen , Amir H. Gandomi

Large-scale online recommender system spreads all over the Internet being in charge of two basic tasks: Click-Through Rate (CTR) and Post-Click Conversion Rate (CVR) estimations. However, traditional CVR estimators suffer from well-known…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-08-01 Zhenhao Jiang , Biao Zeng , Hao Feng , Jin Liu , Jicong Fan , Jie Zhang , Jia Jia , Ning Hu , Xingyu Chen , Xuguang Lan

Machine learning classifiers are probabilistic in nature, and thus inevitably involve uncertainty. Predicting the probability of a specific input to be correct is called uncertainty (or confidence) estimation and is crucial for risk…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-01-11 Gabriella Chouraqui , Liron Cohen , Gil Einziger , Liel Leman

As advertisers increasingly shift their budgets toward digital advertising, accurately forecasting advertising costs becomes essential for optimizing marketing campaign returns. This paper presents a comprehensive study that employs various…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-08-22 Fynn Oldenburg , Qiwei Han , Maximilian Kaiser

Clustering is central to many data-driven application domains and has been studied extensively in terms of distance functions and grouping algorithms. Relatively little work has focused on learning representations for clustering. In this…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2016-05-26 Junyuan Xie , Ross Girshick , Ali Farhadi

Modern e-commerce platforms employ various auction mechanisms to allocate paid slots for a given item. To scale this approach to the millions of auctions, the platforms suggest promotion tools based on the autobidding algorithms. These…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Ivan Zhigalskii , Andrey Pudovikov , Aleksandr Katrutsa , Egor Samosvat

Applications such as weather forecasting and personalized medicine demand models that output calibrated probability estimates---those representative of the true likelihood of a prediction. Most models are not calibrated out of the box but…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-02-03 Ananya Kumar , Percy Liang , Tengyu Ma

Calibration is a basic property for prediction systems, and algorithms for achieving it are well-studied in both statistics and machine learning. In many applications, however, the predictions are used to make decisions that select which…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2012-11-19 H. Brendan McMahan , Omkar Muralidharan

In online advertising, it is highly important to predict the probability and the value of a conversion (e.g., a purchase). It not only impacts user experience by showing relevant ads, but also affects ROI of advertisers and revenue of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-05-26 Hui Gao , Yihan Yang

In digital advertising, online platforms allocate ad impressions through real-time auctions, where advertisers typically rely on autobidding agents to optimize bids on their behalf. Unlike traditional auctions for physical goods, the value…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2025-09-03 Zhicheng Du , Wei Tang , Zihe Wang , Shuo Zhang

Click-through rate (CTR) prediction plays an important role in online advertising and recommender systems. In practice, the training of CTR models depends on click data which is intrinsically biased towards higher positions since higher…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2021-06-18 Jianqiang Huang , Ke Hu , Qingtao Tang , Mingjian Chen , Yi Qi , Jia Cheng , Jun Lei

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) segmentation on contrast-enhanced CT is inherently ambiguous: inter-rater disagreement among experts reflects genuine uncertainty rather than annotation noise. Standard deep learning approaches assume…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Tristan Kirscher , Alexandra Ertl , Klaus Maier-Hein , Xavier Coubez , Philippe Meyer , Sylvain Faisan

Recent advances in foundation models have established scaling laws that enable the development of larger models to achieve enhanced performance, motivating extensive research into large-scale recommendation models. However, simply…

Predicting keywords performance, such as number of impressions, click-through rate (CTR), conversion rate (CVR), revenue per click (RPC), and cost per click (CPC), is critical for sponsored search in the online advertising industry. An…

机器学习 · 统计学 2018-09-10 Yuan Yuan , Xiaojing Dong , Chen Dong , Yiwen Sun , Zhenyu Yan , Abhishek Pani

Uncertainty estimates must be calibrated (i.e., accurate) and sharp (i.e., informative) in order to be useful. This has motivated a variety of methods for recalibration, which use held-out data to turn an uncalibrated model into a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-07-06 Charles Marx , Shengjia Zhao , Willie Neiswanger , Stefano Ermon

Click-through rate (CTR) prediction is a critical task in online advertising systems. Most existing methods mainly model the feature-CTR relationship and suffer from the data sparsity issue. In this paper, we propose DeepMCP, which models…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-07-22 Wentao Ouyang , Xiuwu Zhang , Shukui Ren , Chao Qi , Zhaojie Liu , Yanlong Du

Advertising click-through rate (CTR) prediction aims to forecast the probability that a user will click on an advertisement in a given context, thus providing enterprises with decision support for product ranking and ad placement. However,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-26 Xiaowei Xi , Song Leng , Yuqing Gong , Dalin Li

Calibrating deep neural models plays an important role in building reliable, robust AI systems in safety-critical applications. Recent work has shown that modern neural networks that possess high predictive capability are poorly calibrated…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-16 Cheng Wang

Uncertainty in probabilistic classifiers predictions is a key concern when models are used to support human decision making, in broader probabilistic pipelines or when sensitive automatic decisions have to be taken. Studies have shown that…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-09-09 Nicolas Posocco , Antoine Bonnefoy