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The prompt-emission spectra of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are commonly described by the empirical Band function. The typical low-energy spectral index is $\sim -1$, which poses a challenge to standard synchrotron radiation models. We…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2026-04-23 Jia-Ming Chen , Ke-Rui Zhu , Zhao-Yang Peng , Yong-Gang Zheng , Yun-Lu Gong , Shan Chang , Shi-Ting Tian , Li Zhang

Context. The dissipation process responsible for the long gamma-ray burst (GRB) prompt emission and the kind of dynamics that drives the release of energy as a function of time are still key open issues. We recently found that the…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2024-07-09 R. Maccary , M. Maistrello , C. Guidorzi , M. Sartori , L. Amati , L. Bazzanini , M. Bulla , A. E. Camisasca , L. Ferro , F. Frontera , A. Tsvetkova

The recent launches of the Einstein Probe (EP) and the Space Variable Objects Monitor (SVOM) mission have led to the detection of a growing number of long GRBs with significant, early soft X-ray flux during their gamma-ray emission,…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2025-10-21 Ziming Wang , Chenyu Wang , He Gao , Hua Feng , An Li , Lin Lin , Songyu Shen

The prompt emission mechanism of gamma-ray bursts (GRB) even after several decades remains a mystery. However, it is believed that correlations between observable GRB properties given their huge luminosity/radiated energy and redshift…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2018-04-25 Maria Dainotti

The origin of prompt emission from gamma ray bursts remains to be an open question. Correlated prompt optical and gamma-ray emission observed in a handful of GRBs strongly suggests a common emission region, but failure to adequately fit the…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2016-12-21 S. Guiriec , C. Kouveliotou , D. H. Hartmann , J. Granot , K. Asano , P. Meszaros , R. Gill , N. Gehrels , J. McEnery

Particle acceleration in relativistic collisionless shocks remains an open problem in high-energy astrophysics. Particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations predict that electron acceleration in weakly magnetized shocks proceeds via small-angle…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2026-05-25 Zhao-Feng Wu , Sofía Guevara-Montoya , Paz Beniamini , Dimitrios Giannios , Daniel Grošelj , Lorenzo Sironi

Gamma-ray Bursts (GRBs) prompt emission spectra are often fitted with the empirical ''Band" function, namely two power laws smoothly connected. The typical slope of the low energy (sub-MeV) power law is $\alpha_{B}\simeq -1$. In a small…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2021-08-25 M. Toffano , G. Ghirlanda , L. Nava , G. Ghisellini , M. E. Ravasio , G. Oganesyan

We constrain the distance of the Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) prompt emission site from the explosion centre, R, by determining the location of the electron's self absorption frequency in the GRB prompt optical-to-X/gamma-ray spectral energy…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2014-03-11 Rong-Feng Shen , Bing Zhang

We study the spectral and energetics properties of 47 long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) with known redshift, all of them detected by the Swift satellite. Due to the narrow energy range (15-150 keV) of the Swift-BAT detector, the…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-13 J. I. Cabrera , C. Firmani , V. Avila-Reese , G. Ghirlanda , G. Ghisellini , L. Nava

Despite decades of investigations, the physical mechanism that powers the bright prompt $\gamma$-ray emission from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is still not identified. One important observational clue that remains not properly interpreted so…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2016-07-13 Z. Lucas Uhm , Bing Zhang

A unified explanation of the variety of long-duration gamma-ray burst (GRB) light curves (LCs) is essential for identifying the dissipation mechanism and possibly the nature of their central engines. In the past, a model was proposed to…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2025-10-17 Manuele Maistrello , Lisa Ferro , Lorenzo Bazzanini , Romain Maccary , Cristiano Guidorzi

We analyze the >100MeV data for 3 GRBs detected by Fermi (GRBs 080916C, 090510, 090902B) and find that these photons were generated via synchrotron emission in the external forward shock. We arrive at this conclusion by four different…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2010-12-13 Pawan Kumar , Rodolfo Barniol Duran

Two different multivariate clustering techniques, the K-means partitioning method and the Dirichlet process of mixture modeling, have been applied to the BATSE Gamma-ray burst (GRB) catalog, to obtain the optimum number of coherent groups.…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2010-06-22 Tanuka Chattopadhyay , Ranjeev Misra , Asis Kumar Chattopadhyay , Malay Naskar

The gamma-ray burst GRB 180720B is very peculiar. On one hand, some interesting features have been found by performing the detailed time-resolved spectral analysis in the prompt phase. First, the `flux-tracking' pattern is exhibited both…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2019-12-24 Ming-Ya Duan , Xiang-Gao Wang

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have emerged as powerful cosmological probes for exploring the distant Universe, owing to their immense luminosities and detectability at high redshifts. Several empirical correlations have been established,…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2026-01-13 T. K. M. Aldowma , S. Razzaque , R. Martinelli , R. Gupta , F. Longo , N. Omodei , N. Di Lalla , J. L. Racusin , A. H. Airasca

Aims. With the accumulation of polarization data in the gamma-ray burst (GRB) prompt phase, polarization models can be tested. Methods. We predicted the time-integrated polarizations of 37 GRBs with polarization observation. We used their…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2023-02-22 R. Y. Guan , M. X. Lan

Gamma-ray burst (GRB) prompt emission is commonly attributed to non-thermal radiation processes operating in the optically thin regions of a relativistic outflow. Among these, optically thin inverse-Compton (IC) scattering remains an…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2026-03-31 Pragyan Pratim Bordoloi , Shubh Mittal , Shabnam Iyyani

The most energetic gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are remarkable sources releasing huge amounts of energy on short timescales. Their prompt emission, which usually lasts few seconds, is so bright that it is visible across the whole observable…

Synchrotron radiation from accelerated electrons above the photosphere of a relativistic ejecta is a natural candidate for the dominant process for the prompt GRB emission. There is however a tension between the predicted low-energy…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2025-01-29 Frédéric Daigne , Željka Bošnjak

Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) are notorious for their diversity. Yet, they have a series of common features. The typical energy of their $\gamma$ rays is a fraction of an MeV. The energy distributions are well described by a ``Band spectrum'',…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-10 Arnon Dar , A. De Rujula