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A significant challenge in wet lab experiments with current drug design generative models is the trade-off between pharmacological properties and synthesizability. Molecules predicted to have highly desirable properties are often difficult…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-04 Songtao Liu , Dandan Zhang , Zhengkai Tu , Hanjun Dai , Peng Liu

Retrosynthesis involves determining a sequence of reactions to synthesize complex molecules from simpler precursors. As this poses a challenge in organic chemistry, machine learning has offered solutions, particularly for predicting…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-12 Mikołaj Sacha , Michał Sadowski , Piotr Kozakowski , Ruard van Workum , Stanisław Jastrzębski

Retrosynthesis is one of the fundamental problems in organic chemistry. The task is to identify reactants that can be used to synthesize a specified product molecule. Recently, computer-aided retrosynthesis is finding renewed interest from…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-01-07 Hanjun Dai , Chengtao Li , Connor W. Coley , Bo Dai , Le Song

Retrosynthesis planning remains a central challenge in molecular discovery due to the vast and complex chemical reaction space. While traditional template-based methods offer tractability, they suffer from poor scalability and limited…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-31 Nguyen Xuan-Vu , Daniel P Armstrong , Zlatko Jončev , Philippe Schwaller

Retrosynthesis, which predicts the reactants of a given target molecule, is an essential task for drug discovery. In recent years, the machine learing based retrosynthesis methods have achieved promising results. In this work, we introduce…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-06-08 Shufang Xie , Rui Yan , Junliang Guo , Yingce Xia , Lijun Wu , Tao Qin

The main target of retrosynthesis is to recursively decompose desired molecules into available building blocks. Existing template-based retrosynthesis methods follow a template selection stereotype and suffer from limited training…

化学物理 · 物理学 2022-12-26 Chaochao Yan , Peilin Zhao , Chan Lu , Yang Yu , Junzhou Huang

In silico tools are important for generating novel hypotheses and exploring alternatives in de novo metabolic pathway design. However, while many computational frameworks have been proposed for retrobiosynthesis, few successful examples of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-16 Peter Zhiping Zhang , Jeffrey D. Varner

Retrosynthesis is the task of breaking down a chemical compound recursively step-by-step into molecular precursors until a set of commercially available molecules is found. Consequently, the goal is to provide a valid synthesis route for a…

The synthesis of complex natural products remains one of the grand challenges of organic chemistry. We present DeepRetro, a major advancement in computational retrosynthesis that enables the discovery of viable synthetic routes for complex…

Evaluation metrics play a vital role in the growth of an area as it defines the standard of distinguishing between good and bad models. In the area of code synthesis, the commonly used evaluation metric is BLEU or perfect accuracy, but they…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2020-09-29 Shuo Ren , Daya Guo , Shuai Lu , Long Zhou , Shujie Liu , Duyu Tang , Neel Sundaresan , Ming Zhou , Ambrosio Blanco , Shuai Ma

The identification of synthetic routes that end with a desired product has been an inherently time-consuming process that is largely dependent on expert knowledge regarding a limited fraction of the entire reaction space. At present,…

机器学习 · 统计学 2020-12-17 Zhongliang Guo , Stephen Wu , Mitsuru Ohno , Ryo Yoshida

Retrosynthesis, the process of breaking down a target molecule into simpler precursors through a series of valid reactions, stands at the core of organic chemistry and drug development. Although recent machine learning (ML) research has…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Haorui Wang , Jeff Guo , Lingkai Kong , Rampi Ramprasad , Philippe Schwaller , Yuanqi Du , Chao Zhang

Single-step retrosynthesis aims to predict a set of reactions that lead to the creation of a target molecule, which is a crucial task in molecular discovery. Although a target molecule can often be synthesized with multiple different…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-15 Piotr Gaiński , Michał Koziarski , Krzysztof Maziarz , Marwin Segler , Jacek Tabor , Marek Śmieja

Retrosynthesis consists of breaking down a chemical compound recursively step-by-step into molecular precursors until a set of commercially available molecules is found with the goal to provide a synthesis route. Its two primary research…

Back-translation is a widely used data augmentation technique which leverages target monolingual data. However, its effectiveness has been challenged since automatic metrics such as BLEU only show significant improvements for test examples…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-08-19 Sergey Edunov , Myle Ott , Marc'Aurelio Ranzato , Michael Auli

Retrosynthesis prediction aims to infer the reactant molecule based on a given product molecule, which is a fundamental task in chemical synthesis. However, existing models rely on static pattern-matching paradigm, which limits their…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-08 Xinyi Li , Sai Wang , Yutian Lin , Yu Wu , Yi Yang

Recent progress has expanded the use of large language models (LLMs) in drug discovery, including synthesis planning. However, objective evaluation of retrosynthesis performance remains limited. Existing benchmarks and metrics typically…

Synthesis planning is the process of recursively decomposing target molecules into available precursors. Computer-aided retrosynthesis can potentially assist chemists in designing synthetic routes, but at present it is cumbersome and…

化学物理 · 物理学 2019-07-04 Shuangjia Zheng , Jiahua Rao , Zhongyue Zhang , Jun Xu , Yuedong Yang

We present an attention-based Transformer model for automatic retrosynthesis route planning. Our approach starts from reactants prediction of single-step organic reactions for given products, followed by Monte Carlo tree search-based…

定量方法 · 定量生物学 2019-06-07 Kangjie Lin , Youjun Xu , Jianfeng Pei , Luhua Lai

Retrosynthesis analysis is a critical task in organic chemistry central to many important industries. Previously, various machine learning approaches have achieved promising results on this task by representing output molecules as strings…

定量方法 · 定量生物学 2022-09-20 Lei Fang , Junren Li , Ming Zhao , Li Tan , Jian-Guang Lou
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