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Despite the success of various text generation metrics such as BERTScore, it is still difficult to evaluate the image captions without enough reference captions due to the diversity of the descriptions. In this paper, we introduce a new…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-06-29 Hwanhee Lee , Seunghyun Yoon , Franck Dernoncourt , Trung Bui , Kyomin Jung

Given the accelerating progress of vision and language modeling, accurate evaluation of machine-generated image captions remains critical. In order to evaluate captions more closely to human preferences, metrics need to discriminate between…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-02-29 Koki Maeda , Shuhei Kurita , Taiki Miyanishi , Naoaki Okazaki

In image captioning where fluency is an important factor in evaluation, e.g., $n$-gram metrics, sequential models are commonly used; however, sequential models generally result in overgeneralized expressions that lack the details that may…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-07-14 Junjiao Tian , Jean Oh

The recent progress on image recognition and language modeling is making automatic description of image content a reality. However, stylized, non-factual aspects of the written description are missing from the current systems. One such…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2015-12-15 Alexander Mathews , Lexing Xie , Xuming He

Evaluating image captions typically relies on reference captions, which are costly to obtain and exhibit significant diversity and subjectivity. While reference-free evaluation metrics have been proposed, most focus on cross-modal…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-01-09 Tianyu Cui , Jinbin Bai , Guo-Hua Wang , Qing-Guo Chen , Zhao Xu , Weihua Luo , Kaifu Zhang , Ye Shi

In this paper, we propose QACE, a new metric based on Question Answering for Caption Evaluation. QACE generates questions on the evaluated caption and checks its content by asking the questions on either the reference caption or the source…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-08-31 Hwanhee Lee , Thomas Scialom , Seunghyun Yoon , Franck Dernoncourt , Kyomin Jung

Automatically evaluating the quality of image captions can be very challenging since human language is quite flexible that there can be various expressions for the same meaning. Most of the current captioning metrics rely on token level…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-06-30 Chao Zeng , Tiesong Zhao , Sam Kwong

The evaluation of machine-generated image captions poses an interesting yet persistent challenge. Effective evaluation measures must consider numerous dimensions of similarity, including semantic relevance, visual structure, object…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-10-26 David Chan , Suzanne Petryk , Joseph E. Gonzalez , Trevor Darrell , John Canny

In grammatical error correction (GEC), automatic evaluation is an important factor for research and development of GEC systems. Previous studies on automatic evaluation have demonstrated that quality estimation models built from datasets…

Current image captioning methods are usually trained via (penalized) maximum likelihood estimation. However, the log-likelihood score of a caption does not correlate well with human assessments of quality. Standard syntactic evaluation…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2018-03-14 Siqi Liu , Zhenhai Zhu , Ning Ye , Sergio Guadarrama , Kevin Murphy

Image captioning is the process of generating a natural language description of an image. Most current image captioning models, however, do not take into account the emotional aspect of an image, which is very relevant to activities and…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2019-01-28 Omid Mohamad Nezami , Mark Dras , Peter Anderson , Len Hamey

This paper presents a new metric called TIGEr for the automatic evaluation of image captioning systems. Popular metrics, such as BLEU and CIDEr, are based solely on text matching between reference captions and machine-generated captions,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2019-09-06 Ming Jiang , Qiuyuan Huang , Lei Zhang , Xin Wang , Pengchuan Zhang , Zhe Gan , Jana Diesner , Jianfeng Gao

The image captioning task is about to generate suitable descriptions from images. For this task there can be several challenges such as accuracy, fluency and diversity. However there are few metrics that can cover all these properties while…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-12-15 Chao Zeng , Sam Kwong

We focus on the automatic evaluation of image captions in both reference-based and reference-free settings. Existing metrics based on large language models (LLMs) favor their own generations; therefore, the neutrality is in question. Most…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-12-29 Shinnosuke Hirano , Yuiga Wada , Kazuki Matsuda , Seitaro Otsuki , Komei Sugiura

As interest grows in generating long, detailed image captions, standard evaluation metrics become increasingly unreliable. N-gram-based metrics though efficient, fail to capture semantic correctness. Representational Similarity (RS)…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-09-15 Xiaofu Chen , Israfel Salazar , Yova Kementchedjhieva

Automated Audio Captioning is a multimodal task that aims to convert audio content into natural language. The assessment of audio captioning systems is typically based on quantitative metrics applied to text data. Previous studies have…

声音 · 计算机科学 2024-03-28 Gijs Wijngaard , Elia Formisano , Bruno L. Giordano , Michel Dumontier

Image captioning aims to describe visual content in natural language. As 'a picture is worth a thousand words', there could be various correct descriptions for an image. However, with maximum likelihood estimation as the training objective,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-31 Zihao Yue , Anwen Hu , Liang Zhang , Qin Jin

Recently, there has been a lot of interest in automatically generating descriptions for an image. Most existing language-model based approaches for this task learn to generate an image description word by word in its original word order.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2017-04-25 Yufei Wang , Zhe Lin , Xiaohui Shen , Scott Cohen , Garrison W. Cottrell

We investigate the incorporation of visual relationships into the task of supervised image caption generation by proposing a model that leverages detected objects and auto-generated visual relationships to describe images in natural…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-09-24 Maximilian Mozes , Martin Schmitt , Vladimir Golkov , Hinrich Schütze , Daniel Cremers

This paper presents a novel approach for automatically generating image descriptions: visual detectors, language models, and multimodal similarity models learnt directly from a dataset of image captions. We use multiple instance learning to…