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Recent pulsar timing array (PTA) experiments have reported strong evidence of the stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB). If interpreted as primordial Gravitational Waves (pGWs), the signal favors a strongly blue-tilted spectrum.…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2025-02-12 Taotao Qiu , Mian Zhu

In the non-standard model of relic gravitational waves (RGWs) generated in the early universe, the theoretical spectrum of is mainly described by an amplitude $r$ and a spectral index $\beta$, the latter usually being determined by the…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-18 Ming-Lei Tong , Yang Zhang , Wen Zhao , Jin-Zhong Liu , Cheng-Shi Zhao , Ting-Gao Yang

Pulsar timing array (PTA) provides an excellent opportunity to detect the gravitational waves (GWs) in nanoHertz frequency band. In particular, due to the larger number of "arms" in PTA, it can be used to test gravity by probing the…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2019-03-29 Rui Niu , Wen Zhao

We explore the potential of Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTAs) such as NANOGrav, EPTA, and PPTA to detect the Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background (SGWB) in theories of massive gravity. In General Relativity, the function describing the…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2021-10-27 Qiuyue Liang , Mark Trodden

We show that the recently reported cosmic gravitational wave background by the NANOGrav 15-year collaboration may be the result of resonant particle creation during inflation. For the appropriate amplitude and particle mass an enhancement…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2023-10-09 M. R. Gangopadhyay , V. V. Godithi , K. Ichiki , R. Inui , T. Kajino , A. Manusankar , G. J. Mathews , Yogesh

Milli-second pulsars with highly stable periods can be considered as very precise clocks and can be used for pulsar timing array (PTA) which attempts to detect nanoheltz gravitational waves (GWs) directly. Main sources of nanoheltz GWs are…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2021-12-22 Tomonosuke Kikunaga , Shinnosuke Hisano , Hiroki Kumamoto , Keitaro Takahashi

The detection of a stochastic gravitational-wave signal from the superposition of many inspiraling supermassive black holes with pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) is likely to occur within the next decade. With this detection will come the…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2015-06-24 Laura Sampson , Neil J. Cornish , Sean T. McWilliams

The NANOGrav collaboration for the pulsar timing array (PTA) observation recently announced evidence of an isotropic stochastic process, which may be the first detection of the stochastic gravitational-wave (GW) background. We discuss the…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2021-02-18 Kazunori Kohri , Takahiro Terada

Various pulsar timing array (PTA) experiments (NANOGrav, EPTA, PPTA, CPTA, including data from InPTA) very recently reported evidence for excess red common-spectrum signals in their latest datasets, with inter-pulsar correlations following…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2023-07-25 Sunny Vagnozzi

Several observational phenomena suggest that the standard model of cosmology and particle physics requires revision. To address this, we consider the extension of general relativity known as massive gravity (MG). In this Letter, we explore…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2025-08-04 Chris Choi , Tina Kahniashvili

We analytically study the gauge dependence of scalar-induced gravitational waves (SIGWs) sourced by primordial isocurvature perturbations during radiation domination (RD), working across nine gauges. Through analytical integrations of the…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2026-03-17 Arshad Ali , Yang Lei , Mudassar Sabir

Produced nonlinearly by the enhanced linear cosmological curvature perturbations, the scalar-induced gravitational waves (SIGWs) can serve as a potentially powerful probe of primordial non-Gaussianity (PNG) in the early Universe. In this…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2026-04-14 Jun-Peng Li , Sai Wang , Zhi-Chao Zhao , Kazunori Kohri

We investigate the constraints that can be placed on the cosmic string tension by using the current Pulsar Timing Array limits on the stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB). We have developed a code to compute the spectrum of…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-03 S. A. Sanidas , R. A. Battye , B. W. Stappers

The evidence of the stochastic gravitational-wave background around the nano-hertz frequency range was recently found by worldwide pulsar timing array (PTA) collaborations. One of the cosmological explanations is the gravitational waves…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2023-12-27 Keisuke Harigaya , Keisuke Inomata , Takahiro Terada

Fermi LAT observations of gamma-ray pulsars can be used to build a pulsar timing array (PTA) experiment to search for gravitational wave (GW) signals at nanohertz frequencies. At those frequencies, the dominant signal is expected to be a…

The recent detection of nanohertz stochastic gravitational-wave backgrounds (SGWBs) by pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) promises unique insights into astrophysical and cosmological origins. However, traditional Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC)…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2025-06-12 Junrong Lai , Changhong Li

Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) have recently provided compelling evidence for a stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) in the nanohertz frequency band, offering a unique window into fundamental physics. Here, we explore implications…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2026-02-10 Mohammadreza Davari , Alireza Allahyari

The scalar induced gravitational waves are produced from primordial curvature perturbations in the second order of perturbations. We constrain the fractional energy density of scalar induced gravitational waves from gravitational waves…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2023-03-07 Jun Li , Guang-Hai Guo

The most conservative interpretation of the nHz stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) discovered by NANOGrav and other Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) Collaborations is astrophysical, namely that it originates from supermassive black…