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The locking of lasers to optical cavities is ubiquitously required in the field of precision interferometry such as Advanced LIGO to yield optimal sensitivity. Using higher-order Hermite-Gauss (HG) modes for the main interferometer beam has…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2023-10-25 Liu Tao , Anna C. Green , Paul Fulda

This paper analytically and numerically investigates misalignment and mode-mismatch induced power coupling coefficients and losses as a function of Hermite Gauss (HG) mode order. We show that higher-order HG modes are more susceptible to…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2021-05-24 Liu Tao , Jessica Kelley-Derzon , Anna C. Green , Paul Fulda

Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss (LG) modes have previously been investigated as a candidate for reducing test-mass thermal noise in ground-based gravitational-wave detectors like Advanced LIGO. It has been shown however that LG modes' fragility…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2021-04-07 Liu Tao , Anna C. Green , Paul Fulda

Test-mass thermal noise is a limiting noise source for current and next-generation ground-based gravitational-wave observatories. Uniform-intensity higher-order laser beams, including Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) and Hermite-Gaussian (HG) modes,…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2026-05-12 Liu Tao , Yuhang Zhao , Zong-Hong Zhu , Paul Fulda

This manuscript derives explicit factors linking mode-mismatch-induced power losses, in Hermite-Gauss optical modes to the losses of the fundamental spatial mode. Higher order modes are found to be more sensitive to beam parameter…

光学 · 物理学 2020-10-21 Aaron W. Jones , Andreas Freise

We develop a novel technique to measure small angular and lateral displacements of structured light beams. The technique relies on using high-order Hermite-Gaussian (HG) and Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) modes, which have well-defined symmetry…

We explore the use of higher-order Hermite-Gauss modes for sensing optically induced transverse displacements. In the small-displacement regime, we show that projective measurements onto the two neighboring spatial modes yield optimal…

光学 · 物理学 2025-06-04 Dilip Paneru , Alessio D'Errico , Ebrahim Karimi

The Hermite-Gaussian (HG) modes, sometimes also referred to as transverse electromagnetic modes in free space, form a complete and orthonormal basis that have been extensively used to describe optical fields. In addition, these modes have…

Proposed near-future upgrades of the current advanced interferometric gravitational wave detectors include the usage of frequency dependent squeezed light to reduce the current sensitivity-limiting quantum noise. We quantify and describe…

We experimentally demonstrate the conversion of a fundamental $\text{TEM}_{00}$ laser mode at 1064\,nm to higher order Hermite-Gaussian modes (HG) of arbitrary order via a commercially available liquid crystal Spatial Light Modulator (SLM).…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2021-02-24 Stefan Ast , Sibilla Di Pace , Jacques Millo , Mikhael Pichot , Margherita Turconi , Walid Chaibi

The use of structured light to drive highly nonlinear processes in matter not only enables imprinting spatially-resolved properties onto short-wavelength radiation, but also opens alternative avenues for exploring the dynamics of nonlinear…

Hermite-Gaussian (HG) laser modes are a complete set of solutions to the free-space paraxial wave equation in Cartesian coordinates and represent a close approximation to physically-realizable laser cavity modes. Additionally, HG modes can…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2019-05-22 L. R. Hofer , L. W. Jones , J. L. Goedert , R. V. Dragone

Higher order Laguerre-Gauss (LG) beams have been proposed for use in future gravitational wave detectors, such as upgrades to the Advanced LIGO detectors and the Einstein Telescope, for their potential to reduce the effects of the thermal…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2015-05-28 Charlotte Bond , Paul Fulda , Ludovico Carbone , Keiko Kokeyama , Andreas Freise

Odd-indexed higher-order Hermite-Gauss (HG) modes are compatible with 4-quadrant segmented mirrors due to their intensity nulls along the principal axes, which guarantees minimum beam intensity illuminating the bond lines between the…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2023-12-04 Liu Tao , Nina Brown , Paul Fulda

We report on the first experimental demonstration of higher-order Laguerre-Gauss (LGpl) mode generation and interferometry using a method scalable to the requirements of gravitational wave (GW) detection. GW detectors which use higher-order…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2010-12-23 Massimo Granata , Christelle Buy , Robert Ward , Matteo Barsuglia

Strongly squeezed states of light are a key technology in boosting the sensitivity of interferometric setups, such as in gravitational-wave detectors. However, the practical use of squeezed states is limited by optical loss, which reduces…

The sensitivity of ground-based gravitational wave (GW) detectors will be improved in the future via the injection of frequency-dependent squeezed vacuum. The achievable improvement is ultimately limited by losses of the interferometer…

仪器与探测器 · 物理学 2020-06-10 Antonio Perreca , Aidan Brooks , Jonathan Richardson , Daniel Toyra , Rory Smith

Increasing the laser power is essential to improve the sensitivity of interferometric gravitational wave detectors. However, optomechanical parametric instabilities can set a limit to that power. It is of major importance to understand and…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2021-09-29 David Cohen , Annalisa Allocca , Gilles Bogaert , Paola Puppo , Thibaut Jacqmin , Virgo Collaboration

We present a new technique for sensing optical cavity mode mismatch and alignment by using a cylindrical lens mode converting telescope, radio-frequency quadrant photodiodes, and a heterodyne detection scheme. The telescope allows the…

In laser-based free-space optical communication, besides OAM beams, Hermite-Gaussian (HG) modes or HG-mode coherently composed states (HG-MCCS) can also be adopted as the information carrier to extend the channel capacity with the spatial…

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