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Instruct models, obtained from various instruction tuning or post-training steps, are commonly deemed superior and more usable than their base counterpart. While the model gains instruction following ability, instruction tuning may lead to…

An emerging method to cheaply improve a weaker language model is to finetune it on outputs from a stronger model, such as a proprietary system like ChatGPT (e.g., Alpaca, Self-Instruct, and others). This approach looks to cheaply imitate…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-05-26 Arnav Gudibande , Eric Wallace , Charlie Snell , Xinyang Geng , Hao Liu , Pieter Abbeel , Sergey Levine , Dawn Song

Large Language Models have demonstrated strong performance across a wide range of tasks, but adapting them efficiently to new domains remains a key challenge. Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods address this by introducing…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Raghav Singhal , Kaustubh Ponkshe , Rohit Vartak , Praneeth Vepakomma

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) has become a common method for fine-tuning large language models, where a base model can serve multiple users through PEFT module switching. To enhance user experience, base models require periodic…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-10 Naibin Gu , Peng Fu , Xiyu Liu , Ke Ma , Zheng Lin , Weiping Wang

Widely used language models (LMs) are typically built by scaling up a two-stage training pipeline: a pre-training stage that uses a very large, diverse dataset of text and a fine-tuning (sometimes, 'alignment') stage that uses targeted…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-20 Eric Mitchell , Rafael Rafailov , Archit Sharma , Chelsea Finn , Christopher D. Manning

Finetuning a pretrained model has become a standard approach for training neural networks on novel tasks, resulting in fast convergence and improved performance. In this work, we study an alternative finetuning method, where instead of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-07-04 Gal Kaplun , Andrey Gurevich , Tal Swisa , Mazor David , Shai Shalev-Shwartz , Eran Malach

The latest developments in Natural Language Processing (NLP) have demonstrated remarkable progress in a code-text retrieval problem. As the Transformer-based models used in this task continue to increase in size, the computational costs and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-05-08 Karim Galliamov , Leila Khaertdinova , Karina Denisova

Fine-tuning (FT) pre-trained sentence embedding models on small datasets has been shown to have limitations. In this paper we show that concatenating the embeddings from the pre-trained model with those from a simple sentence embedding…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-10-06 Siddhant Garg , Rohit Kumar Sharma , Yingyu Liang

Parameter-efficient finetuning (PEFT) is a key technique for adapting large language models (LLMs) to downstream tasks. In this paper, we study leveraging knowledge graph embeddings to improve the effectiveness of PEFT. We propose a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-25 Xindi Luo , Zequn Sun , Jing Zhao , Zhe Zhao , Wei Hu

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) is essential for adapting large language models (LLMs), with low-rank adaptation (LoRA) being the most popular approach. However, LoRA suffers from slow convergence, and some recent LoRA variants, such…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-21 Chenlu Guo , Yuan Wu , Yi Chang

We introduce Noisy Feature Mixup (NFM), an inexpensive yet effective method for data augmentation that combines the best of interpolation based training and noise injection schemes. Rather than training with convex combinations of pairs of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-05-23 Soon Hoe Lim , N. Benjamin Erichson , Francisco Utrera , Winnie Xu , Michael W. Mahoney

Foundation language models learn from their finetuning input context in different ways. In this paper, we reformulate inputs during finetuning for challenging translation tasks, leveraging model strengths from pretraining in novel ways to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-05 Brian Yu , Hansen Lillemark , Kurt Keutzer

There is a consensus that instruction fine-tuning of LLMs requires high-quality data, but what are they? LIMA (NeurIPS 2023) and AlpaGasus (ICLR 2024) are state-of-the-art methods for selecting such high-quality examples, either via manual…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-05 Hao Zhao , Maksym Andriushchenko , Francesco Croce , Nicolas Flammarion

MixUp is a computer vision data augmentation technique that uses convex interpolations of input data and their labels to enhance model generalization during training. However, the application of MixUp to the natural language understanding…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-02-24 Wancong Zhang , Ieshan Vaidya

Existing parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods primarily adapt weight matrices while keeping activation functions fixed. We introduce \textbf{NoRA}, the first PEFT framework that directly adapts nonlinear activation functions in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-19 Bo Yin , Xingyi Yang , Xinchao Wang

Federated Learning (FL) is an emerging paradigm that enables distributed users to collaboratively and iteratively train machine learning models without sharing their private data. Motivated by the effectiveness and robustness of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-11-16 Jinyu Chen , Wenchao Xu , Song Guo , Junxiao Wang , Jie Zhang , Haozhao Wang

Instruction fine-tuning is crucial for today's large language models (LLMs) to learn to follow instructions and align with human preferences. Conventionally, supervised data, including the instruction and the correct response, is required…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-04 Juncheng Xie , Shensian Syu , Hung-yi Lee

Large Language Models(LLMs) have shown exceptional abilities, yet training these models can be quite challenging. There is a strong dependence on the quality of data and finding the best instruction tuning set. Further, the inherent…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-28 Nikhil Kothari , Ravindra Nayak , Shreyas Shetty , Amey Patil , Nikesh Garera

Instruction fine-tuning has recently emerged as a promising approach for improving the zero-shot capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) on new tasks. This technique has shown particular strength in improving the performance of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-07-13 Jiuding Sun , Chantal Shaib , Byron C. Wallace

Neural machine translation (NMT) is notoriously sensitive to noises, but noises are almost inevitable in practice. One special kind of noise is the homophone noise, where words are replaced by other words with similar pronunciations. We…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2019-06-05 Hairong Liu , Mingbo Ma , Liang Huang , Hao Xiong , Zhongjun He