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In radiologists' routine work, one major task is to read a medical image, e.g., a CT scan, find significant lesions, and describe them in the radiology report. In this paper, we study the lesion description or annotation problem. Given a…

Accurate classification of Whole Slide Images (WSIs) and Regions of Interest (ROIs) is a fundamental challenge in computational pathology. While mainstream approaches often adopt Multiple Instance Learning (MIL), they struggle to capture…

Renal compartment segmentation on CT images targets on extracting the 3D structure of renal compartments from abdominal CTA images and is of great significance to the diagnosis and treatment for kidney diseases. However, due to the unclear…

Detecting and segmenting object instances is a common task in biomedical applications. Examples range from detecting lesions on functional magnetic resonance images, to the detection of tumours in histopathological images and extracting…

Semantic segmentation is a hot topic in computer vision where the most challenging tasks of object detection and recognition have been handling by the success of semantic segmentation approaches. We propose a concept of object-by-object…

Vessel segmentation of retinal images is a key diagnostic capability in ophthalmology. This problem faces several challenges including low contrast, variable vessel size and thickness, and presence of interfering pathology such as…

Objectives To develop and validate a deep learning-based diagnostic model incorporating uncertainty estimation so as to facilitate radiologists in the preoperative differentiation of the pathological subtypes of renal cell carcinoma (RCC)…

Efficient and accurate whole-brain lesion segmentation remains a challenge in medical image analysis. In this work, we revisit MeshNet, a parameter-efficient segmentation model, and introduce a novel multi-scale dilation pattern with an…

Purpose: Deep learning methods have shown promising results in the segmentation, and detection of diseases in medical images. However, most methods are trained and tested on data from a single source, modality, organ, or disease type,…

This study presents an advanced approach to lumbar spine segmentation using deep learning techniques, focusing on addressing key challenges such as class imbalance and data preprocessing. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of patients…

Several algorithms for learning the structure of dynamic Bayesian networks (DBNs) require an a priori ordering of variables, which influences the determined graph topology. However, it is often unclear how to determine this order if feature…

Segmenting the retinal vasculature entails a trade-off between how much of the overall vascular structure we identify vs. how precisely we segment individual vessels. In particular, state-of-the-art methods tend to under-segment faint…

Cancerous skin lesions are one of the most common malignancies detected in humans, and if not detected at an early stage, they can lead to death. Therefore, it is crucial to have access to accurate results early on to optimize the chances…

Image segmentation has been increasingly applied in medical settings as recent developments have skyrocketed the potential applications of deep learning. Urology, specifically, is one field of medicine that is primed for the adoption of a…

Computer-Aided Diagnosis systems are required to extract suitable information about retina and its changes. In particular, identifying objects of interest such as lesions and anatomical structures from the retinal images is a challenging…

It remains challenging to automatically segment kidneys in clinical ultrasound (US) images due to the kidneys' varied shapes and image intensity distributions, although semi-automatic methods have achieved promising performance. In this…

Accurate retinal vessel segmentation is an important task for many computer-aided diagnosis systems. Yet, it is still a challenging problem due to the complex vessel structures of an eye. Numerous vessel segmentation methods have been…

Accurately segmenting a variety of clinically significant lesions from whole body computed tomography (CT) scans is a critical task on precision oncology imaging, denoted as universal lesion segmentation (ULS). Manual annotation is the…

Automatic instance segmentation is a problem that occurs in many biomedical applications. State-of-the-art approaches either perform semantic segmentation or refine object bounding boxes obtained from detection methods. Both suffer from…

Kidney function evaluation using dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) images could help in diagnosis and treatment of kidney diseases of children. Automatic segmentation of renal parenchyma is an important step in this process. In this…