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The nanohertz stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) is an excellent early universe laboratory for testing the fundamental properties of gravity. In this letter, we elucidate on the full potential of pulsar timing array (PTA) by…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2024-05-24 Reginald Christian Bernardo , Kin-Wang Ng

Recent pulsar timing array (PTA) observations have reported evidence of a gravitational wave background (GWB). If supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are indeed the primary source of this signal, future PTA observations, such as those from the…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2025-10-01 Kazuya Furusawa , Sachiko Kuroyanagi , Kiyotomo Ichiki

Recent observations by pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) such as NANOGrav, EPTA, PPTA, and CPTA suggest the presence of nanohertz stochastic gravitational wave background (GWB). While such signals could be explained by gravitational waves from a…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2025-01-31 Yifan Hu , Kohei Kamada

The NANOGrav, Parkes, European, and International Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) Collaborations have reported evidence for a common-spectrum process that can potentially correspond to a stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) in the…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2022-06-15 Alberto Roper Pol , Chiara Caprini , Andrii Neronov , Dmitri Semikoz

The recently released data by pulsar timing array (PTA) collaborations have amassed substantial evidence corroborating the existence of a stochastic signal consistent with a gravitational-wave background at frequencies around the nanohertz…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2025-03-27 Lang Liu , Zu-Cheng Chen , Qing-Guo Huang

Observing non-Gaussianity in the timing residuals of Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTAs) has recently attracted attention as a potential discriminator between astrophysical and cosmological origins of the observed Gravitational Wave (GW) signal. In…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2026-05-07 Chiara Cecchini , Jonas El Gammal , Gabriele Franciolini , Mauro Pieroni

We study the tilt of the primordial gravitational waves spectrum. A hint of blue tilt is shown from analyzing the BICEP2 and POLARBEAR data. Motivated by this, we explore the possibilities of blue tensor spectra from the very early universe…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-19 Yi Wang , Wei Xue

Recently, the worldwide Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) collaborations detected a stochastic gravitational wave(GW) background in the nanohertz range, which may originate from the early universe's inflationary phase. So in this work, we…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2025-01-22 Peng-Bo Chen , Tie-Jun Gao

Inflation predicts a stochastic background of gravitational waves over a broad range of frequencies, from those accessible with cosmic microwave background (CMB) measurements, to those accessible directly with gravitational-wave detectors,…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2008-11-26 Tristan L. Smith , Marc Kamionkowski , Asantha Cooray

We investigate whether an Early-Universe stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB) can account for the common spectrum process reported by NANOGrav, while also being consistent with current and projected CMB measurements of extra…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2025-09-18 Ido Ben-Dayan , Utkarsh Kumar , Amresh Verma

Recently, the pulsar timing array (PTA) collaborations have reported the evidence for a stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) at nano-Hertz band. The spectrum of inflationary gravitational wave (IGW) is unknown, which might…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2024-05-03 Jun-Qian Jiang , Yong Cai , Gen Ye , Yun-Song Piao

We investigate the kination-amplified inflationary gravitational-wave background (GWB) interpretation of the signal recently reported by various pulsar timing array (PTA) experiments. Kination is a post-inflationary phase in the expansion…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2025-05-28 Bohua Li , Joel Meyers , Paul R. Shapiro

Several pulsar timing array (PTA) experiments such as NANOGrav and PPTA recently reported evidence of a gravitational wave (GW) background at nano-Hz frequency band. This signal can originate from scalar-induced gravitational waves (SIGW)…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2025-04-04 Junsong Cang , Yu Gao , Yiming Liu , Sichun Sun

The stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) recently detected by the PTA collaborations could be the gravitational waves (GWs) induced by curvature perturbations. However, primordial black holes (PBHs) might be overproduced if the…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2024-02-13 Keisuke Inomata , Masahiro Kawasaki , Kyohei Mukaida , Tsutomu T. Yanagida

Pulsar Timing Arrays are playing a crucial role in the ongoing gravitational wave astronomy revolution. The current evidence for a stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) at nHz frequencies offers an opportunity to discover…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2025-04-07 Chiara Cecchini , Gabriele Franciolini , Mauro Pieroni

In the presence of spacetime torsion, any generic $f(R)$ model of gravity is conformally dual to a scalar-tensor theory augmented with a second rank antisymmetric massless degree of freedom. We investigate the stochastic gravitational wave…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2025-04-15 Arko Bhaumik , Bhaswati Mandal , Soumitra SenGupta

Several pulsar-timing array (PTA) collaborations are finding tantalising hints for a stochastic gravitational wave background signal in the nano-Hertz regime. So far, though, no convincing evidence for the expected Hellings-Downs…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2022-04-20 Gianmassimo Tasinato

The past decade has been a transformative period for pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) and their search for nanohertz gravitational waves (GWs). This progress has been driven by collective advances in instrumentation for pulsar timing…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2026-02-17 Kuo Liu , Siyuan Chen

We revisit the theoretical modeling and simulation of a Gaussian stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) signal in a pulsar timing array (PTA). We show that the correlation between Fourier components of pulsar timing residuals can…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2026-02-16 Reginald Christian Bernardo , Kin-Wang Ng

Pulsar Timing Array collaborations have recently announced the discovery of a stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) at nanohertz frequencies. We analyze the GW signals from the domination of ultra-low mass primordial black holes…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2023-12-27 Nilanjandev Bhaumik , Rajeev Kumar Jain , Marek Lewicki