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Adam has become one of the most popular optimizers for training modern deep neural networks, such as transformers. However, its applicability is largely restricted to single-level optimization problems. In this paper, we aim to extend…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-07 Xiaochuan Gong , Jie Hao , Mingrui Liu

Deep learning optimizers are optimization algorithms that enable deep neural networks to learn. The effectiveness of learning is highly dependent on the optimizer employed in the training process. Alongside the rapid advancement of deep…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-24 Doğay Altınel

Stochastic optimizers play a crucial role in the successful training of deep neural network models. To achieve optimal model performance, designers must carefully select both model and optimizer hyperparameters. However, this process is…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-09-17 Gustavo Silva , Paul Rodriguez

Much as replacing hand-designed features with learned functions has revolutionized how we solve perceptual tasks, we believe learned algorithms will transform how we train models. In this work we focus on general-purpose learned optimizers…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-09-24 Luke Metz , Niru Maheswaranathan , C. Daniel Freeman , Ben Poole , Jascha Sohl-Dickstein

Since the 21st century, artificial intelligence has been leading a new round of industrial revolution. Under the training framework, the optimization algorithm aims to stably converge high-dimensional optimization to local and even global…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-02 Meng Zhu , Quan Xiao , Weidong Min

The Adaptive Momentum Estimation (Adam) algorithm is highly effective in training various deep learning tasks. Despite this, there's limited theoretical understanding for Adam, especially when focusing on its vanilla form in non-convex…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2025-02-25 Yusu Hong , Junhong Lin

Adaptive optimizers, such as Adam, have achieved remarkable success in deep learning. A key component of these optimizers is the so-called preconditioning matrix, providing enhanced gradient information and regulating the step size of each…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-12-10 Yun Yue , Zhiling Ye , Jiadi Jiang , Yongchao Liu , Ke Zhang

Evaluating the adversarial robustness of machine learning models using gradient-based attacks is challenging. In this work, we show that hyperparameter optimization can improve fast minimum-norm attacks by automating the selection of the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-13 Giuseppe Floris , Raffaele Mura , Luca Scionis , Giorgio Piras , Maura Pintor , Ambra Demontis , Battista Biggio

We present a class of novel optimisers for training neural networks that makes use of the Riemannian metric naturally induced when the loss landscape is embedded in higher-dimensional space. This is the same metric that underlies common…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-05 Thomas R. Harvey

In continual learning, a learner has to keep learning from the data over its whole life time. A key issue is to decide what knowledge to keep and what knowledge to let go. In a neural network, this can be implemented by using a step-size…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-01 Thomas Degris , Khurram Javed , Arsalan Sharifnassab , Yuxin Liu , Richard Sutton

We present a theory for the previously unexplained divergent behavior noticed in the training of large language models. We argue that the phenomenon is an artifact of the dominant optimization algorithm used for training, called Adam. We…

Adam is widely adopted in practical applications due to its fast convergence. However, its theoretical analysis is still far from satisfactory. Existing convergence analyses for Adam rely on the bounded smoothness assumption, referred to as…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-25 Bohan Wang , Yushun Zhang , Huishuai Zhang , Qi Meng , Ruoyu Sun , Zhi-Ming Ma , Tie-Yan Liu , Zhi-Quan Luo , Wei Chen

The learning rate warmup heuristic achieves remarkable success in stabilizing training, accelerating convergence and improving generalization for adaptive stochastic optimization algorithms like RMSprop and Adam. Here, we study its…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-10-27 Liyuan Liu , Haoming Jiang , Pengcheng He , Weizhu Chen , Xiaodong Liu , Jianfeng Gao , Jiawei Han

Adaptive gradient-based optimizers such as Adagrad and Adam are crucial for achieving state-of-the-art performance in machine translation and language modeling. However, these methods maintain second-order statistics for each parameter,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-09-13 Rohan Anil , Vineet Gupta , Tomer Koren , Yoram Singer

We introduce AlphaGrad, a memory-efficient, conditionally stateless optimizer addressing the memory overhead and hyperparameter complexity of adaptive methods like Adam. AlphaGrad enforces scale invariance via tensor-wise L2 gradient…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-24 Soham Sane

Atomistic foundation models constitute a paradigm shift in computational materials science by providing universal machine-learned interatomic potentials with broad transferability across chemical spaces. Although fine-tuning is essential…

计算物理 · 物理学 2025-12-08 Xiaoqing Liu , Yangshuai Wang , Teng Zhao

Adam has become one of the most favored optimizers in deep learning problems. Despite its success in practice, numerous mysteries persist regarding its theoretical understanding. In this paper, we study the implicit bias of Adam in linear…

机器学习 · 统计学 2024-06-18 Chenyang Zhang , Difan Zou , Yuan Cao

Decentralized training of deep neural networks has attracted significant attention for its theoretically superior scalability over synchronous data-parallel methods like All-Reduce. However, realizing this potential in multi-node training…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2024-10-17 Zesen Wang , Jiaojiao Zhang , Xuyang Wu , Mikael Johansson

We address the challenge of optimizing meta-parameters (hyperparameters) in machine learning, a key factor for efficient training and high model performance. Rather than relying on expensive meta-parameter search methods, we introduce…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-10 Arsalan Sharifnassab , Saber Salehkaleybar , Richard Sutton

Despite the success of the Adam optimizer in practice, the theoretical understanding of its algorithmic components still remains limited. In particular, most existing analyses of Adam show the convergence rate that can be simply achieved by…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-05-31 Kwangjun Ahn , Zhiyu Zhang , Yunbum Kook , Yan Dai