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Phase modulators are commonly used devices in optics. Free-space phase modulators are typically constructed from optically anisotropic crystals exhibiting the Pockels effect. To preserve the light's polarization state as it propagates…
Intensity modulators are an essential component in optics for controlling free-space beams. Many applications require the intensity of a free-space beam to be modulated at a single frequency, including wide-field lock-in detection for…
The capability to modulate the intensity of an optical beam has scientific and practical significance. In this work, we demonstrate Y-Z cut lithium niobate acousto-optic modulators with record-high modulation efficiency, requiring only…
Photoelastic modulators are optical devices with a broad range of applications. These devices typically utilize a transverse interaction mechanism between acoustic and optical waves, resulting in a fundamental trade-off between the input…
A device that achieves controllable rotation of the state of polarization by rotating the orientation of the eigenmodes of a waveguide by 45$^{\circ}$ is introduced and analyzed. The device can be implemented using lossless materials on a…
Polarization modulation is a powerful technique to increase the stability of measurements by enabling the distinction of a polarized signal from dominant slow system drifts and unpolarized foregrounds. Furthermore, when placed as close to…
A multi-element interdigitated photoconductive emitter for broadband THz polarization rotation is proposed and experimentally verified. The device consists of separate pixels for the emission of horizontally and vertically polarized THz…
Advancements in light modulator technology have been driving discoveries and progress across various fields. The problem of large-scale coherent optical control of atomic quantum systems-including cold atoms, ions, and solid-state color…
Active control and manipulation of electromagnetic waves are highly desirable for advanced photonic device technology, such as optical cloaking, active camouflage and information processing. Designing optical resonators with high…
Piezoelectric resonators are a common building block for signal processing because of their miniature size, low insertion loss, and high quality factor. As consumer electronics push to millimeter waves frequencies, designers must increase…
We propose a polarization modulation scheme of electromagnetic (EM) waves through reflection of a tunable metamaterial reflector/absorber. By constructing the metamaterial with resonant unit cells coupled by diodes, we demonstrate that the…
An efficient electro-optical modulation has been demonstrated here by using an edge plasmon mode specific for the hybrid plasmonic waveguide. Our approach addresses a major obstacle of the integrated microwave photonics caused by the…
Despite the emergence of new types of wavefront sensors, the modulated pyramid wavefront sensor remains the workhorse for ELT instrumentation, and is among the options even for advanced high-contrast, high-Strehl instrumentation like PCS…
The prevalent high intrinsic absorption in the crystalline state of phase-change materials (PCMs), typically leads to a decline in modulation efficiency for phase-change metasurfaces, underutilizing their potential for quasi-continuous…
A tunable, polarization sensitive microwave filter based on a reconfigurable dual-layered two-dimensional metallic photonic crystal is presented. The filter consists of a metallic plate with periodic holes and metal pillars which are…
Here we present an efficient, visible-light, gigahertz-frequency acousto-optic modulator fabricated on a 200 mm wafer in a volume CMOS foundry. Our device combines a piezoelectric transducer and a photonic waveguide within a single…
Waveguide-based interferometric circuits are widely employed in optical communications, sensing and computing applications. In particular, glass-based devices are appealing due to the transparency and bio-compatibility of this substrate, or…
We explore a free-space polarization modulator in which a variable phase introduction between right- and left-handed circular polarization components is used to rotate the linear polarization of the outgoing beam relative to that of the…
A shearing interferometer is presented which uses polarization control to shear the wavefront and to modulate the interference pattern. The shear is generated by spatial walk-off in a birefringent crystal. By adjusting the orientation of…
A circularly polarized leaky-wave antenna capable of frequency scanning is proposed in this paper. The main objective is to achieve high gain and polarization purity without the need for a complex feed network. The antenna consists of two…