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The evidence of the stochastic gravitational-wave background around the nano-hertz frequency range was recently found by worldwide pulsar timing array (PTA) collaborations. One of the cosmological explanations is the gravitational waves…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2023-12-27 Keisuke Harigaya , Keisuke Inomata , Takahiro Terada

The detection of compact binary mergers with sub-solar masses at gravitational-wave observatories could mark the groundbreaking discovery of primordial black holes (PBHs). Concurrently, evidence for a nHz stochastic gravitational wave…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2025-08-28 Yann Gouttenoire , Sokratis Trifinopoulos , Miguel Vanvlasselaer

We present an analytic model to describe the supermassive black hole binary (SMBHB) merger rate in the Universe with astrophysical observables: galaxy stellar mass function, pair fraction, merger timescale and black hole - host galaxy…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2019-07-25 Siyuan Chen , Alberto Sesana , Christopher J. Conselice

By inferring the gravitational wave background (GWB) from a population of supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs), pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) enable the study of massive black holes. In many ways, PTAs manifest the promise of a…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2025-12-16 Nima Laal , Stephen R. Taylor , Cayenne Matt , Kayhan Gultekin

Several pulsar timing array (PTA) collaborations recently announced the first detection of a stochastic gravitational wave (GW) background, leaving open the question of its source. We explore the possibility that it originates from cosmic…

高能物理 - 理论 · 物理学 2023-11-03 Debika Chowdhury , Gianmassimo Tasinato , Ivonne Zavala

We investigate whether an Early-Universe stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB) can account for the common spectrum process reported by NANOGrav, while also being consistent with current and projected CMB measurements of extra…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2025-09-18 Ido Ben-Dayan , Utkarsh Kumar , Amresh Verma

In Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) data analysis, noise is typically assumed to be Gaussian, and the marginalized likelihood has a well-established analytical form derived within the framework of Gaussian processes. However, this Gaussianity…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2026-01-30 Mikel Falxa , Alberto Sesana

The observation of massive black hole binaries (MBHBs) with Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTAs) is one of the goals of gravitational wave astronomy in the coming years. Massive (>10^8 solar masses) and low-redshift (< 1.5) sources are expected to…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2010-05-19 Alberto Sesana , Alberto Vecchio

In this paper we attempt to investigate the nature of the first gravitational wave (GW) signal to be detected by pulsar timing arrays (PTAs): will it be an individual, resolved supermassive black hole binary (SBHB), or a stochastic…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2015-06-23 Pablo A. Rosado , Alberto Sesana , Jonathan Gair

Several Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) collaborations have recently found evidence for a gravitational wave background (GWB) permeating our galaxy. The origin of this background is still unknown. Indeed, while the gravitational wave emission…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2024-07-12 Anna-Malin Lemke , Andrea Mitridate , Kyle A. Gersbach

Strong evidence of the existence of the Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background (SGWB) has been reported by the NANOGrav, PPTA, EPTA and CPTA collaborations. The Bayesian posteriors of the Gravitational-Wave Background (GWB) amplitude and…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2023-07-04 Chao Zhang , Ning Dai , Qing Gao , Yungui Gong , Tong Jiang , Xuchen Lu

Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) are Galactic-scale gravitational wave (GW) detectors consisting of precisely-timed pulsars distributed across the sky. Within the decade, PTAs are expected to detect the nanohertz GWs emitted by close-separation…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2023-03-15 Tingting Liu , Tyler Cohen , Casey McGrath , Paul Demorest , Sarah Vigeland

By regularly monitoring the most stable millisecond pulsars over many years, pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) are positioned to detect and study correlations in the timing behaviour of those pulsars. Gravitational waves (GWs) from supermassive…

Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) are approaching the sensitivity required to resolve gravitational waves (GWs) from individual supermassive black hole (SMBH) binaries. However, the large uncertainty in source localization will make the…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2025-08-26 Niccolo Veronesi , Maria Charisi , Stephen R Taylor , Jessie Runnoe , Daniel J D'Orazio

Several pulsar timing array (PTA) groups have recently claimed the detection of nanohertz gravitational wave background (GWB), but the origin of this gravitational wave (GW) signal remains unclear. Nanohertz GWs generated by supermassive…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2025-09-04 Qing Yang , Xiao Guo , Zhoujian Cao , Xiaoyun Shao , Xi Yuan

Recent pulsar timing array (PTA) observations have reported evidence of a gravitational wave background (GWB). If supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are indeed the primary source of this signal, future PTA observations, such as those from the…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2025-10-01 Kazuya Furusawa , Sachiko Kuroyanagi , Kiyotomo Ichiki

The past decade has been a transformative period for pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) and their search for nanohertz gravitational waves (GWs). This progress has been driven by collective advances in instrumentation for pulsar timing…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2026-02-17 Kuo Liu , Siyuan Chen

With pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) having observed a gravitational wave background (GWB) at nanohertz frequencies, the focus of the field is shifting towards determining and characterizing its origin. While the primary candidate is a…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2025-09-10 Kyle A. Gersbach , Stephen R. Taylor , Bence Bécsy , Anna-Malin Lemke , Andrea Mitridate , Nihan Pol

The gravitational waves (GWs) from supermassive binary black holes (BBHs) are long sought by pulsar timing array experiments (PTAs), in the forms of both a stochastic GW background (GWB) and individual sources. The evidence for a GWB was…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2024-09-27 Yunfeng Chen , Qingjuan Yu , Youjun Lu

The recent detection of nanohertz stochastic gravitational-wave backgrounds (SGWBs) by pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) promises unique insights into astrophysical and cosmological origins. However, traditional Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC)…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2025-06-12 Junrong Lai , Changhong Li