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Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become essential for analyzing complex data and solving highly-challenging tasks. It is being applied across numerous disciplines beyond computer science, including Food Engineering, where there is a growing…

eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is a sub-field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) that is at the forefront of AI research. In XAI, feature attribution methods produce explanations in the form of feature importance. People often use…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2022-02-09 Jamie Duell , Monika Seisenberger , Gert Aarts , Shangming Zhou , Xiuyi Fan

Uncertainty is a key feature of any machine learning model and is particularly important in neural networks, which tend to be overconfident. This overconfidence is worrying under distribution shifts, where the model performance silently…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-18 Arthur Thuy , Dries F. Benoit

Machine learning is frequently used in affective computing, but presents challenges due the opacity of state-of-the-art machine learning methods. Because of the impact affective machine learning systems may have on an individual's life, it…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-07 David S. Johnson , Olya Hakobyan , Hanna Drimalla

Machine learning (ML) models, demonstrably powerful, suffer from a lack of interpretability. The absence of transparency, often referred to as the black box nature of ML models, undermines trust and urges the need for efforts to enhance…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-25 Fatima Ezzeddine

Heatmaps have been instrumental in helping understand deep network decisions, and are a common approach for Explainable AI (XAI). While significant progress has been made in enhancing the informativeness and accessibility of heatmaps,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-05-24 Osman Tursun , Sinan Kalkan , Simon Denman , Sridha Sridharan , Clinton Fookes

The field explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) has brought about an arsenal of methods to render Machine Learning (ML) predictions more interpretable. But how useful explanations provided by transparent ML methods are for humans…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2021-07-06 Felix Biessmann , Dionysius Refiano

As the manufacturing industry advances with sensor integration and automation, the opaque nature of deep learning models in machine learning poses a significant challenge for fault detection and diagnosis. And despite the related predictive…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-06-11 Ahmed Maged , Salah Haridy , Herman Shen

Machine learning (ML) is increasingly often used to inform high-stakes decisions. As complex ML models (e.g., deep neural networks) are often considered black boxes, a wealth of procedures has been developed to shed light on their inner…

机器学习 · 统计学 2023-06-23 Rick Wilming , Céline Budding , Klaus-Robert Müller , Stefan Haufe

Wind turbine power curve models translate ambient conditions into turbine power output. They are essential for energy yield prediction and turbine performance monitoring. In recent years, increasingly complex machine learning methods have…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-08 Simon Letzgus , Klaus-Robert Müller

Although modern machine learning and deep learning methods allow for complex and in-depth data analytics, the predictive models generated by these methods are often highly complex, and lack transparency. Explainable AI (XAI) methods are…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-06-17 Mythreyi Velmurugan , Chun Ouyang , Catarina Moreira , Renuka Sindhgatta

Feature attribution (FA) methods are widely used in explainable AI (XAI) to help users understand how the inputs of a machine learning model contribute to its outputs. However, different FA models often provide disagreeing importance scores…

The rationale behind a deep learning model's output is often difficult to understand by humans. EXplainable AI (XAI) aims at solving this by developing methods that improve interpretability and explainability of machine learning models.…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-08-08 Rafaël Brandt , Daan Raatjens , Georgi Gaydadjiev

Accurate wind turbine power curve models, which translate ambient conditions into turbine power output, are crucial for wind energy to scale and fulfill its proposed role in the global energy transition. While machine learning (ML) methods…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-04-19 Simon Letzgus

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is an emerging research field bringing transparency to highly complex and opaque machine learning (ML) models. Despite the development of a multitude of methods to explain the decisions of black-box…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-03-16 Leander Weber , Sebastian Lapuschkin , Alexander Binder , Wojciech Samek

Explainable AI (XAI) is a necessity in safety-critical systems such as in clinical diagnostics due to a high risk for fatal decisions. Currently, however, XAI resembles a loose collection of methods rather than a well-defined process. In…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-07-12 Lukas Klein , Mennatallah El-Assady , Paul F. Jäger

eXplainable artificial intelligence (XAI) methods have emerged to convert the black box of machine learning (ML) models into a more digestible form. These methods help to communicate how the model works with the aim of making ML models more…

Deep learning models are one of the security strategies, trained on extensive datasets, and play a critical role in detecting and responding to these threats by recognizing complex patterns in malicious code. However, the opaque nature of…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-08-15 Richa Dasila , Vatsala Upadhyay , Samo Bobek , Abhishek Vaish

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) plays a crucial role in fostering transparency and trust in AI systems, where traditional XAI approaches typically offer one level of abstraction for explanations, often in the form of heatmaps…

Both humans and machine learning models learn from experience, particularly in safety- and reliability-critical domains. While psychology seeks to understand human cognition, the field of Explainable AI (XAI) develops methods to interpret…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2025-11-25 Roussel Rahman , Aashwin Ananda Mishra , Wan-Lin Hu