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In 2006, Biere, Jussila, and Sinz made the key observation that the underlying logic behind algorithms for constructing Reduced, Ordered Binary Decision Diagrams (BDDs) can be encoded as steps in a proof in the extended resolution logical…

计算机科学中的逻辑 · 计算机科学 2023-03-29 Randal E. Bryant , Marijn J. H. Heule

Over the last two decades, we have seen a dramatic improvement in the efficiency of conflict-driven clause-learning Boolean satisfiability (CDCL SAT) solvers on industrial problems from a variety of domains. The availability of such…

计算机科学中的逻辑 · 计算机科学 2020-05-28 Saeed Nejati , Vijay Ganesh

Boolean satisfiability (SAT) solvers are widely used in hardware verification, cryptanalysis, automatic test-pattern generation, and side-channel reasoning workflows. Modern conflict-driven clause-learning (CDCL) solvers are highly…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-06 Melki Bino

Boolean Satisfiability (SAT) solving underpins a wide range of applications in Electronic Design Automation (EDA), particularly formal verification. However, this paper observes that the mainstream clause reduction heuristic in modern SAT…

计算机科学中的逻辑 · 计算机科学 2026-02-26 Yalun Cai , Xindi Zhang , Zhengyuan Shi , Mengxia Tao , Qiang Xu

Instances of logical cryptanalysis, circuit verification, and bounded model checking can often be succinctly represented as a combined satisfiability (SAT) problem where an instance is a combination of traditional clauses and parity…

计算机科学中的逻辑 · 计算机科学 2012-09-11 Tero Laitinen , Tommi Junttila , Ilkka Niemelä

The past three decades have witnessed notable success in designing efficient SAT solvers, with modern solvers capable of solving industrial benchmarks containing millions of variables in just a few seconds. The success of modern SAT solvers…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-06-13 Jiong Yang , Arijit Shaw , Teodora Baluta , Mate Soos , Kuldeep S. Meel

Modern conflict-driven clause learning (CDCL) SAT solvers are very good in solving conjunctive normal form (CNF) formulas. However, some application problems involve lots of parity (xor) constraints which are not necessarily efficiently…

计算机科学中的逻辑 · 计算机科学 2014-07-25 Tero Laitinen , Tommi Junttila , Ilkka Niemelä

Over the past few decades, combinatorial solvers have seen remarkable performance improvements, enabling their practical use in real-world applications. In some of these applications, ensuring the correctness of the solver's output is…

计算机科学中的逻辑 · 计算机科学 2025-11-18 Dieter Vandesande , Jordi Coll , Bart Bogaerts

In this project, we aimed to improve the runtime of Minisat, a Conflict-Driven Clause Learning (CDCL) solver that solves the Propositional Boolean Satisfiability (SAT) problem. We first used a logistic regression model to predict the…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2017-11-01 Haoze Wu

Boolean satisfiability (SAT) is a propositional logic problem of determining whether an assignment of variables satisfies a Boolean formula. Many combinatorial optimization problems can be formulated in Boolean SAT logic -- either as k-SAT…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2026-03-12 Robert Simon Fong , Yanming Song , Alexander Yosifov

Cryptographic problems can often be reduced to solving Boolean polynomial systems, whose equivalent logical formulas can be treated using SAT solvers. Given the algebraic nature of the problem, the use of the logical XOR operator is common…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-12-21 Monika Trimoska , Sorina Ionica , Gilles Dequen

The main ideas in the CDSAT (Conflict-Driven Satisfiability) framework for SMT are summarized, leading to approaches to proof generation in CDSAT.

计算机科学中的逻辑 · 计算机科学 2021-07-07 Maria Paola Bonacina

Boolean Satisfiability (SAT) is a well-known NP-complete problem. Despite this theoretical hardness, SAT solvers based on Conflict Driven Clause Learning (CDCL) can solve large SAT instances from many important domains. CDCL learns clauses…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2021-05-12 Md Solimul Chowdhury , Martin Müller , Jia You

Satisfiability (SAT) solvers based on techniques such as conflict driven clause learning (CDCL) have produced excellent performance on both synthetic and real world industrial problems. While these CDCL solvers only operate on a per-problem…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-18 Yi Fu , Anthony Tompkins , Yang Song , Maurice Pagnucco

We propose a new parameter called proofdoor in an attempt to explain the efficiency of CDCL SAT solvers over formulas derived from circuit (esp., arithmetic) verification applications. Informally, given an unsatisfiable CNF formula F over n…

计算复杂性 · 计算机科学 2026-03-30 Sunidhi Singh , Vincent Liew , Marc Vinyals , Vijay Ganesh

This article introduces SatHyS (SAT HYbrid Solver), a novel hybrid approach for propositional satisfiability. It combines local search and conflict driven clause learning (CDCL) scheme. Each time the local search part reaches a local…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2009-10-08 Gilles Audenard , Jean-Marie Lagniez , Bertrand Mazure , Lakhdar Saïs

The practical success of Boolean Satisfiability (SAT) solvers stems from the CDCL (Conflict-Driven Clause Learning) approach to SAT solving. However, from a propositional proof complexity perspective, CDCL is no more powerful than the…

计算机科学中的逻辑 · 计算机科学 2017-07-06 Alexey Ignatiev , Antonio Morgado , Joao Marques-Silva

Current implementations of pseudo-Boolean (PB) solvers working on native PB constraints are based on the CDCL architecture which empowers highly efficient modern SAT solvers. In particular, such PB solvers not only implement a…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2021-09-03 Daniel Le Berre , Romain Wallon

Recent attempts to explain the effectiveness of Boolean satisfiability (SAT) solvers based on conflict-driven clause learning (CDCL) on large industrial benchmarks have focused on the concept of community structure. Specifically, industrial…

计算机科学中的逻辑 · 计算机科学 2016-08-16 Nathan Mull , Daniel J. Fremont , Sanjit A. Seshia

Conflict-Driven Clause Learning (CDCL) is the mainstream framework for solving the Satisfiability problem (SAT), and CDCL solvers typically rely on various heuristics, which have a significant impact on their performance. Modern CDCL…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-11-14 Yiwen Sun , Furong Ye , Xianyin Zhang , Shiyu Huang , Bingzhen Zhang , Ke Wei , Shaowei Cai
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