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This chapter, to appear in the section on QCD under extreme conditions within the Encyclopedia of Nuclear Physics, aims to provide a pedagogical introduction to the physics of quarks and gluons in the presence of high temperature, nonzero…

高能物理 - 格点 · 物理学 2026-04-30 Bastian B. Brandt , Gergely Endrodi

Quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is the theory of the strong interaction. The fundamental particles of QCD, quarks and gluons, carry colour charge and form colourless bound states at low energies. The hadronic bound states of primary interest…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2020-03-26 Yarin Gal , Vishnu Jejjala , Damian Kaloni Mayorga Pena , Challenger Mishra

Ab initio methods using weakly interacting nucleons give a good description of condensed nuclear matter up to densities comparable to the nuclear saturation density. At higher densities palpable strong interactions between overlapping…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2021-04-14 Niko Jokela , Matti Jarvinen , Govert Nijs , Jere Remes

The holographic Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton model is employed to map state-of-the-art lattice QCD thermodynamics data from the temperature ($T$) axis towards the baryon-chemical potential ($\mu_B$) axis aimed at gaining a warm equation of…

高能物理 - 理论 · 物理学 2024-07-03 Rico Zöllner , Burkhard Kämpfer

The formation of clusters at sub-saturation densities constitutes an essential feature for a reliable modelization of the nuclear matter equation of state (EoS). Phenomenological models that make use of energy density functionals (EDFs)…

核理论 · 物理学 2022-07-08 S. Burrello , S. Typel

We present a novel relativistic density-functional approach to modeling quark matter with a mechanism to mimic confinement. The quasiparticle treatment of quarks provides their suppression due to large quark selfenergy already at the…

核理论 · 物理学 2022-04-05 Oleksii Ivanytskyi , David Blaschke , Konstantin Maslov

We construct a set of equations of state (EoS) of dense and hot matter with a 1st order phase transition from a hadronic system to a deconfined quark matter state. In this two-phase approach, hadrons are described using the relativistic…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2019-08-27 Mateusz Cierniak , Tobias Fischer , Niels-Uwe Bastian , Thomas Klaehn , Marc Salinas

We construct an effective model for the QCD equation of state, taking into account chiral symmetry restoration as well as the deconfinement phase transition. The correct asymptotic degrees of freedom at the high and low temperature limits…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2011-01-28 J. Steinheimer , S. Schramm , H. Stöcker

In this study, we assess the effectiveness and robustness of the recently proposed $T'$-expansion scheme for expanding the equation of state of strongly interacting matter to finite density, by comparing its performance relative to the…

We study the evolution of heavy quarkonium states with temperature in a Quark-Gluon Plasma by evaluating an in-medium Q\bar{Q} T-matrix within a reduced Bethe-Salpeter equation in S- and P-wave channels. The interaction kernel is extracted…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2008-11-26 D. Cabrera , R. Rapp

We discuss a hybrid equation of state (EoS) that fulfills constraints for mass-radius relationships and cooling of compact stars. The quark matter EoS is obtained from a Polyakov-loop Nambu--Jona-Lasinio (PNJL) model with color…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2010-04-27 D. B. Blaschke , F. Sandin , V. V. Skokov , S. Typel

We establish the exponential clustering of correlation functions for the high-temperature Gibbs states of Bose-Hubbard type models. To overcome the technical difficulties arising from the unboundedness of bosonic operators, we develop the…

统计力学 · 物理学 2026-03-31 Xin-Hai Tong , Tomotaka Kuwahara , Zongping Gong

A second order extension of the QED Lagrangian (including boson-boson coupling) has been used to describe q\bar q hadrons. Assuming massless elementary fermions (quantons) this results in a finite theory without open parameters, which may…

综合物理 · 物理学 2013-11-08 H. P. Morsch

We propose a new and universal approach to the hadronization problem that incorporates both perturbative QCD and effective field theory in their respective domains of validity and that models the transition between them in analogy to the…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2016-09-01 John Ellis , Klaus Geiger

Whether Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) exhibits a phase transition at finite temperature and density is an open question. It is important for hydrodynamic modeling of heavy ion collisions and neutron star mergers. Lattice QCD simulations have…

核理论 · 物理学 2022-10-19 J. I. Kapusta , T. Welle

Search for a proper and realistic equation of state (EOS) for strongly interacting matter used in the study of the QCD phase diagram still appears as a challenging problem. Recently, we constructed a hybrid model description for the quark…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2013-05-20 P. K. Srivastava , C. P. Singh

A QCD-motivated dynamical-quasiparticle model with parameters adjusted to reproduce the lattice-QCD equation of state is extrapolated from region of high temperatures and moderate baryonic densities to the domain of high baryonic densities…

Combining strong coupling and hopping expansion one can derive a dimensionally reduced effective theory of lattice QCD. This theory has a reduced sign problem, is amenable to analytic evaluation and was successfully used to study the cold…

高能物理 - 格点 · 物理学 2019-12-05 Owe Philipsen , Jonas Scheunert

We present a general approach to incorporate hadronic as well as quark degrees of freedom in a unified approach. This approach implements the correct degrees of freedom at high as well as low temperatures and densities. An effective…

核理论 · 物理学 2011-02-14 S. Schramm , J. Steinheimer

Determining the phase structure of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) and its Equation of State (EOS) at densities and temperatures realized inside neutron stars and their mergers is a long-standing open problem. The holographic V-QCD framework…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2023-01-11 Tuna Demircik , Christian Ecker , Matti Järvinen , Luciano Rezzolla , Samuel Tootle , Konrad Topolski