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Trained on the large corpus, pre-trained language models (PLMs) can capture different levels of concepts in context and hence generate universal language representations. They can benefit multiple downstream natural language processing…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-10-15 Nankai Lin , Yingwen Fu , Chuwei Chen , Ziyu Yang , Shengyi Jiang

In computer vision and natural language processing, innovations in model architecture that increase model capacity have reliably translated into gains in performance. In stark contrast with this trend, state-of-the-art reinforcement…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-01-05 Johan Bjorck , Carla P. Gomes , Kilian Q. Weinberger

We propose VL Norm (Variance-reduced Length-dependent Normalization), a simple yet effective loss aggregation method tailored to the characteristic of dynamic generation lengths in Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR).…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-14 Zhiyuan He , Xufang Luo , Yike Zhang , Yuqing Yang , Lili Qiu

While Large Language Models (LLMs) form the cornerstone of sequential decision-making agent development, they have inherent limitations in high-frequency decision tasks. Existing research mainly focuses on discrete embodied decision…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-04 Yang Zhao , Zihao Li , Zhiyu Jiang , Dandan Ma , Ganchao Liu , Wenzhe Zhao

Deep neural networks suffer from catastrophic forgetting, where performance on previous tasks degrades after training on a new task. This issue arises due to the model's tendency to overwrite previously acquired knowledge with new…

Natural Language Inference (NLI) remains an important benchmark task for LLMs. NLI datasets are a springboard for transfer learning to other semantic tasks, and NLI models are standard tools for identifying the faithfulness of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-01 Mohammad Javad Hosseini , Andrey Petrov , Alex Fabrikant , Annie Louis

The ability for policies to generalize to new environments is key to the broad application of RL agents. A promising approach to prevent an agent's policy from overfitting to a limited set of training environments is to apply regularization…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-10-30 Maximilian Igl , Kamil Ciosek , Yingzhen Li , Sebastian Tschiatschek , Cheng Zhang , Sam Devlin , Katja Hofmann

Task generalization has been a long standing challenge in Natural Language Processing (NLP). Recent research attempts to improve the task generalization ability of pre-trained language models by mapping NLP tasks into human-readable…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-08-08 Wanjun Zhong , Yifan Gao , Ning Ding , Zhiyuan Liu , Ming Zhou , Jiahai Wang , Jian Yin , Nan Duan

Training Memory-based transformers can require a large amount of memory and can be quite inefficient. We propose a novel two-phase training mechanism and a novel regularization technique to improve the training efficiency of memory-based…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-11-15 Vishwajit Kumar Vishnu , C. Chandra Sekhar

We address a learning-to-normalize problem by proposing Switchable Normalization (SN), which learns to select different normalizers for different normalization layers of a deep neural network. SN employs three distinct scopes to compute…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2019-07-25 Ping Luo , Ruimao Zhang , Jiamin Ren , Zhanglin Peng , Jingyu Li

Deep generative frameworks including GANs and normalizing flow models have proven successful at filling in missing values in partially observed data samples by effectively learning -- either explicitly or implicitly -- complex,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-04-06 Edgar A. Bernal

In spite of their superior performance, neural probabilistic language models (NPLMs) remain far less widely used than n-gram models due to their notoriously long training times, which are measured in weeks even for moderately-sized…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2016-06-07 Andriy Mnih , Yee Whye Teh

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have increasingly relied on reinforcement learning (RL) to improve their reasoning capabilities. Three types of approaches have been widely adopted: The first relies on a deep neural network…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Shijin Gong , Kai Ye , Jin Zhu , Xinyu Zhang , Hongyi Zhou , Chengchun Shi

Natural language understanding (NLU) is the task of semantic decoding of human languages by machines. NLU models rely heavily on large training data to ensure good performance. However, substantial languages and domains have very few data…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-08-22 Zihan Liu

Unsupervised representation learning methods are widely used for gaining insight into high-dimensional, unstructured, or structured data. In some cases, users may have prior topological knowledge about the data, such as a known cluster…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-11-08 Edith Heiter , Robin Vandaele , Tijl De Bie , Yvan Saeys , Jefrey Lijffijt

$K$-nearest neighbor language models ($k$NN-LMs), which integrate retrieval with next-word prediction, have demonstrated strong performance in language modeling as well as downstream NLP benchmarks. These results have led researchers to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-22 Shangyi Geng , Wenting Zhao , Alexander M Rush

Text normalization - the conversion of text from written to spoken form - is traditionally assumed to be an ill-formed task for language models. In this work, we argue otherwise. We empirically show the capacity of Large-Language Models…

Reverse Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence-based regularization with respect to a fixed reference policy is widely used in modern reinforcement learning to preserve the desired traits of the reference policy and sometimes to promote…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-05 Anupam Nayak , Tong Yang , Osman Yagan , Gauri Joshi , Yuejie Chi

The potential of large language models (LLMs) to simultaneously perform a wide range of natural language processing (NLP) tasks has been the subject of extensive research. Although instruction tuning has proven to be a data-efficient method…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-25 Chufan Shi , Yixuan Su , Cheng Yang , Yujiu Yang , Deng Cai

Normalization techniques are essential for accelerating the training and improving the generalization of deep neural networks (DNNs), and have successfully been used in various applications. This paper reviews and comments on the past,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-09-29 Lei Huang , Jie Qin , Yi Zhou , Fan Zhu , Li Liu , Ling Shao