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Metaphysical interpretations of set theory are either inconsistent or incoherent. The uses of sets in mathematics actually involve three distinct kinds of collections (surveyable, definite, and heuristic), which are governed by three…

历史与综述 · 数学 2009-05-12 Nik Weaver

This paper enlarges classical syllogistic logic with assertions having to do with comparisons between the sizes of sets. So it concerns a logical system whose sentences are of the following forms: {\sf All $x$ are $y$} and {\sf Some $x$ are…

逻辑 · 数学 2020-03-25 Lawrence S. Moss , Selçuk Topal

Several different versions of the theory of numerosities have been introduced in the literature. Here, we unify these approaches in a consistent frame through the notion of set of labels, relating numerosities with the Kiesler field of…

逻辑 · 数学 2021-10-01 V. Benci , L. Luperi Baglini

We introduce axiomatically the ring $\bf{Z}_\kappa$ of the Euclidean integers, that can be viewed as the ``integral part" of the field $\mathbb{E}$ of Euclidean numbers of [4], where the transfinite sum of ordinal indexed $\kappa$-sequences…

逻辑 · 数学 2022-12-06 Mauro Di Nasso , Marco Forti

Transfinite set theory including the axiom of choice supplies the following basic theorems: (1) Mappings between infinite sets can always be completed, such that at least one of the sets is exhausted. (2) The real numbers can be well…

综合数学 · 数学 2007-05-23 W. Mueckenheim

Let $S$ be a finite set, and $X_1,\ldots,X_n$ an i.i.d. uniform sample from $S$. To estimate the size $|S|$, without further structure, one can wait for repeats and use the birthday problem. This requires a sample size of the order…

统计理论 · 数学 2026-04-28 Sourav Chatterjee , Persi Diaconis , Susan Holmes

ZFC has sentences that quantify over all sets or all ordinals, without restriction. Some have argued that sentences of this kind lack a determinate meaning. We propose a set theory called TOPS, using Natural Deduction, that avoids this…

逻辑 · 数学 2019-06-14 Paul Blain Levy

Order of magnitude reasoning - reasoning by rough comparisons of the sizes of quantities - is often called 'back of the envelope calculation', with the implication that the calculations are quick though approximate. This paper exhibits an…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2011-05-30 E. Davis

Let $H$ be a commutative semigroup with unit element such that every non-unit can be written as a finite product of irreducible elements (atoms). For every $k \in \mathbb N$, let $\mathscr U_k (H)$ denote the set of all $\ell \in \mathbb N$…

交换代数 · 数学 2018-05-15 Yushuang Fan , Alfred Geroldinger , Florian Kainrath , Salvatore Tringali

The Euler characteristic is an invariant of a topological space that in a precise sense captures its canonical notion of size, akin to the cardinality of a set. The Euler characteristic is closely related to the homology of a space, as it…

代数拓扑 · 数学 2022-06-22 Nina Otter

The paper is the second of two and shows that (assuming large cardinals) set theory is a tractable (and we dare to say tame) first order theory when formalized in a first order signature with natural predicate symbols for the basic…

逻辑 · 数学 2020-03-17 Matteo Viale

The paper considers the problem of finding the largest possible set P(n), a subset of the set N of the natural numbers, with the property that a number is in P(n) if and only if it is a sum of n distinct naturals all in P(n) or none in…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2008-09-18 Bidu Prakash Das , Soubhik Chakraborty

We investigate the mathematical structure of unit systems and the relations between them. Looking over the entire set of unit systems, we can find a mathematical structure that is called preorder (or quasi-order). For some pair of unit…

综合物理 · 物理学 2016-03-24 Masao Kitano

There is both theoretical and numerical evidence that the set of irreducible representations of a reductive group over local or finite fields is naturally partitioned into families according to analytic properties of representations.…

表示论 · 数学 2021-05-25 Shamgar Gurevich , Roger Howe

This paper provides a complete suite of axioms for a version of set theory that I call Explication. Explication borrows from the two most prominent existing systems of set theory. Explication starts with class variables. After several…

逻辑 · 数学 2017-09-14 Ernest Akemann

We develop new aspects of the the of numerosity theory; more exactly, we emphasize its relation with the ordinal numbers, cardinal numbers, hyperreal numbers and surreal numbers. In particular, we combine the notion of numerosity with the…

偏微分方程分析 · 数学 2025-11-05 Vieri Benci

A point set $M$ in Euclidean plane is called an integral point set in semi-general position if all the distances between the elements of $M$ are integers, and $M$ does not contain collinear triples. We improve the lower bound for diameter…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-12-16 N. N. Avdeev , E. A. Lushina

We work in the setting of Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory without assuming the Axiom of Choice. We consider sets with the Boolean operations together with the additional structure of comparing cardinality (in the Cantorian sense of injections).…

逻辑 · 数学 2025-01-16 Matthew Harrison-Trainor , Dhruv Kulshreshtha

In this work we introduce the use of powerful tools from geometric measure theory (GMT) to study problems related to the size and structure of sets of mutual absolute continuity for the inside and outside harmonic measures of domains in…

偏微分方程分析 · 数学 2007-10-25 Carlos E. Kenig , David Preiss , Tatiana Toro

We study a basic problem of approximating the size of an unknown set $S$ in a known universe $U$. We consider two versions of the problem. In both versions the algorithm can specify subsets $T\subseteq U$. In the first version, which we…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2014-04-23 Dana Ron , Gilad Tsur