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Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection and uncertainty estimation (UE) are critical components for building safe machine learning systems, especially in real-world scenarios where unexpected inputs are inevitable. However the two problems…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-01 Pirzada Suhail , Rehna Afroz , Gouranga Bala , Amit Sethi

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is crucial for the reliable deployment of machine learning models in real-world scenarios, enabling the identification of unknown samples or objects. A prominent approach to enhance OOD detection…

机器学习 · 统计学 2025-08-05 Heng Gao , Jun Li

In this work, we train a network to simultaneously perform segmentation and pixel-wise Out-of-Distribution (OoD) detection, such that the segmentation of unknown regions of scenes can be rejected. This is made possible by leveraging an OoD…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-03-02 David Williams , Matthew Gadd , Daniele De Martini , Paul Newman

Task-Oriented Parsing (TOP) enables conversational assistants to interpret user commands expressed in natural language, transforming them into structured outputs that combine elements of both natural language and intent/slot tags. Recently,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-19 Wenting Zhao , Ye Liu , Yao Wan , Yibo Wang , Qingyang Wu , Zhongfen Deng , Jiangshu Du , Shuaiqi Liu , Yunlong Xu , Philip S. Yu

Autonomous agents for cyber applications take advantage of modern defense techniques by adopting intelligent agents with conventional and learning-enabled components. These intelligent agents are trained via reinforcement learning (RL)…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-12-05 Ankita Samaddar , Nicholas Potteiger , Xenofon Koutsoukos

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is a rapidly growing field due to new robustness and security requirements driven by an increased number of AI-based systems. Existing OOD textual detectors often rely on an anomaly score (e.g.,…

Open-set semi-supervised learning (OSSL) has attracted growing interest, which investigates a more practical scenario where out-of-distribution (OOD) samples are only contained in unlabeled data. Existing OSSL methods like OpenMatch learn…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-09-29 Haoran Li , Chun-Mei Feng , Tao Zhou , Yong Xu , Xiaojun Chang

Out-of-distribution detection is an important capability that has long eluded vanilla neural networks. Deep Neural networks (DNNs) tend to generate over-confident predictions when presented with inputs that are significantly…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-02-24 Sumedh A Sontakke , Buvaneswari Ramanan , Laurent Itti , Thomas Woo

In this paper, we address Novel Class Discovery (NCD), the task of unveiling new classes in a set of unlabeled samples given a labeled dataset with known classes. We exploit the peculiarities of NCD to build a new framework, named…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-06-22 Zhun Zhong , Enrico Fini , Subhankar Roy , Zhiming Luo , Elisa Ricci , Nicu Sebe

Out-of-distribution detection (OOD) deals with anomalous input to neural networks. In the past, specialized methods have been proposed to reject predictions on anomalous input. Similarly, it was shown that feature extraction models in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-01-25 Jan Diers , Christian Pigorsch

Detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) instances is significant for the safe deployment of NLP models. Among recent textual OOD detection works based on pretrained language models (PLMs), distance-based methods have shown superior performance.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-10-17 Sishuo Chen , Xiaohan Bi , Rundong Gao , Xu Sun

Methods which utilize the outputs or feature representations of predictive models have emerged as promising approaches for out-of-distribution (OOD) detection of image inputs. However, these methods struggle to detect OOD inputs that share…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-02-09 Lily H. Zhang , Rajesh Ranganath

Learning with noisy labels (LNL) is typically benchmarked by closed-set classification accuracy, yet deployment often requires classifiers to reject out-of-distribution (OOD) inputs. We present a learner-agnostic ACC-OOD benchmark that…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Ningkang Peng , Jingyang Mao , Runhan Zhou , Peirong Ma , Yanhui Gu

One major cause of performance degradation in predictive models is that the test samples are not well covered by the training data. Such not well-represented samples are called OoD samples. In this paper, we propose OoDAnalyzer, a visual…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2020-02-11 Changjian Chen , Jun Yuan , Yafeng Lu , Yang Liu , Hang Su , Songtao Yuan , Shixia Liu

Standard recognition approaches are unable to deal with novel categories at test time. Their overconfidence on the known classes makes the predictions unreliable for safety-critical applications such as healthcare or autonomous driving.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-07-13 Lorenzo Li Lu , Giulia D'Ascenzi , Francesco Cappio Borlino , Tatiana Tommasi

K-nearest neighbors (KNN) is one of the earliest and most established algorithms in machine learning. For regression tasks, KNN averages the targets within a neighborhood which poses a number of challenges: the neighborhood definition is…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-05-18 Youssef Nader , Leon Sixt , Tim Landgraf

Real-world machine learning applications often face simultaneous covariate and semantic shifts, challenging traditional domain generalization and out-of-distribution (OOD) detection methods. We introduce Meta-learned Across Domain…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-06 Haoliang Wang , Chen Zhao , Feng Chen

\noindent Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is essential for the safe deployment of machine learning models. Extensive work has focused on devising various scoring functions for detecting OOD samples, while only a few studies focus on…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-02-25 Yifan Ding , Xixi Liu , Jonas Unger , Gabriel Eilertsen

Machine learning models often encounter samples that are diverged from the training distribution. Failure to recognize an out-of-distribution (OOD) sample, and consequently assign that sample to an in-class label significantly compromises…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-12-06 Mohammadreza Salehi , Hossein Mirzaei , Dan Hendrycks , Yixuan Li , Mohammad Hossein Rohban , Mohammad Sabokrou

Unsupervised object discovery (UOD) refers to the task of discriminating the whole region of objects from the background within a scene without relying on labeled datasets, which benefits the task of bounding-box-level localization and…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-07-10 Yunqiu Lv , Jing Zhang , Nick Barnes , Yuchao Dai