相关论文: Faster and safer evacuations induced by closed ves…

Currently, there is an increasing number of super high-rise buildings in urban cities, the issue of evacuation in emergencies from such buildings comes to the fore. An evacuation experiment was carried out by our group in Shanghai Tower, it…

In this article, we propose a traffic rule inspired from nature, that facilitates an elite agent to move efficiently through a crowd of inert agents. When an object swims in a fluid medium or an intruder is forced through granular matter,…

We propose the Proxemic Floor Field Model as an extension of the Floor Field Model, which is one of the successful models describing the pedestrian dynamics. Proxemic Floor Field is the Floor Field which corresponds to the effect of…

In this paper, we deal with a size-variable group of pedestrians moving in a unknown confined environment and searching for an exit. Pedestrian dynamics are simulated by means of a recently introduced microscopic (agent-based) model,…

Ultra-dense crowds, in which physical contact between people cannot be avoided, pose major safety concerns. Nevertheless, the underlying dynamics driving their collective behaviours remain poorly understood. Existing dense crowd models,…

In this paper we are concerned with the simulation of crowds in built environments, where obstacles play a role in the dynamics and in the interactions among pedestrians. First of all, we review the state-of-the-art of the techniques for…

An aging population is bringing new challenges to the management of escape routes and facility design in many countries. This paper investigates pedestrian movement properties of crowd with different age compositions. Three pedestrian…

Crowd movement simulation is crucial for pedestrian safety management and facility design. Data-driven models offer the potential to improve realism and predictive accuracy, but most are developed for a single scenario, limiting their…

We investigate the motion of pedestrians through obscure corridors where the lack of visibility (due to smoke, fog, darkness, etc.) hides the precise position of the exits. We focus our attention on a set of basic mechanisms, which we…

Natural ventilation can play an important role towards preventing the spread of airborne diseases in indoor environments. However, quantifying natural ventilation flow rates is a challenging task due to significant variability in the…

We study the validity of the dissipative Aw-Rascle system as a macroscopic model for pedestrian dynamics. The model uses a congestion term (a singular diffusion term) to enforce capacity constraints in the crowd density while inducing a…

We present a simple and versatile method for calculating the maximum capacity of public spaces constrained to social distancing, following the recommended measures of the WHO due to the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. This method assumes a…

An experimental study is combined with numerical modelling to investigate new ways to reduce cross-flow vibrations of hydraulic gates with underflow. A rectangular gate section placed in a flume was given freedom to vibrate in the vertical…

We consider a crowd of N persons trying to exit some area trough a small exit. The probability is calculated that an individual is able to withdraw from the crowd under one's own steam. The problem is simulated within the generalized force…

We study the evacuation process from a smoky room by means of experiments and simulations. People in a dark or smoky room are mimicked by ``blind'' students wearing eye masks. The evacuation of the disoriented students from the room is…

We apply a holistic 2D Tetris-like model, where particles move based on prescribed rules, to investigate the flow rate enhancement from a hopper. This phenomenon was originally reported in the literature as a feature of placing an obstacle…

The decisions of whether and how to evacuate during a climate disaster are influenced by a wide range of factors, including sociodemographics, emergency messaging, and social influence. Further complexity is introduced when multiple hazards…

Based on suitable video recordings of interactive pedestrian motion and improved tracking software, we apply an evolutionary optimization algorithm to determine optimal parameter specifications for the social force model. The calibrated…

With the alarming rise in active shooter incidents (ASIs) in the United States, enhancing public safety through building design has become a pressing need. This study proposes a reinforcement learning-based simulation approach addressing…

We propose a stochastic cellular-automaton model for two-lane traffic flow based on the misanthrope process in one dimension. The misanthrope process is a stochastic process allowing for an exact steady-state solution; hence we have an…