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Although backpropagation is widely accepted as a training algorithm for artificial neural networks, researchers are always looking for inspiration from the brain to find ways with potentially better performance. Forward-Forward is a novel…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-12-02 Hossein Aghagolzadeh , Mehdi Ezoji

The increasing size of neural network models has been critical for improvements in their accuracy, but device memory is not growing at the same rate. This creates fundamental challenges for training neural networks within limited memory…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-07-07 Jianfei Chen , Lianmin Zheng , Zhewei Yao , Dequan Wang , Ion Stoica , Michael W. Mahoney , Joseph E. Gonzalez

The Forward-Forward (FF) Algorithm has been recently proposed to alleviate the issues of backpropagation (BP) commonly used to train deep neural networks. However, its current formulation exhibits limitations such as the generation of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-29 Andreas Papachristodoulou , Christos Kyrkou , Stelios Timotheou , Theocharis Theocharides

We propose a forward-mode automatic differentiation (AD) framework for tensor renormalization group (TRG) methods. In this approach, evaluating the derivatives of the partition function up to order $k$ increases the matrix-multiplication…

高能物理 - 格点 · 物理学 2026-02-12 Yuto Sugimoto

The scaling of neural networks with increasing data and model sizes necessitates the development of more efficient deep learning algorithms. A significant challenge in neural network training is the memory footprint associated with…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-08 Georgii Novikov , Ivan Oseledets

Deep learning has yielded state-of-the-art performance on many natural language processing tasks including named entity recognition (NER). However, this typically requires large amounts of labeled data. In this work, we demonstrate that the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2018-02-06 Yanyao Shen , Hyokun Yun , Zachary C. Lipton , Yakov Kronrod , Animashree Anandkumar

The application of deep learning to the area of communications systems has been a growing field of interest in recent years. Forward-forward (FF) learning is an efficient alternative to the backpropagation (BP) algorithm, which is the…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2026-02-17 Daniel Seifert , Onur Günlü , Rafael F. Schaefer

The Forward-Forward (FF) learning algorithm provides a bottom-up alternative to backpropagation (BP) for training neural networks, relying on a layer-wise "goodness" function with well-designed negative samples for contrastive learning.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-11 Zhichao Zhu , Yang Qi , Hengyuan Ma , Wenlian Lu , Jianfeng Feng

This paper reveal the selective rotation in the CNNs' forward processing. It elucidates the activation function as a discerning mechanism that unifies and quantizes the rotational aspects of the input data. Experiments show how this defined…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-12-04 Peixin Tian

The successes of deep learning, variational inference, and many other fields have been aided by specialized implementations of reverse-mode automatic differentiation (AD) to compute gradients of mega-dimensional objectives. The AD…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-03-16 Deniz Oktay , Nick McGreivy , Joshua Aduol , Alex Beatson , Ryan P. Adams

The human brain performs tasks with an outstanding energy efficiency, i.e., with approximately 20 Watts. The state-of-the-art Artificial/Deep Neural Networks (ANN/DNN), on the other hand, have recently been shown to consume massive amounts…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-09-02 Amin Aminifar , Baichuan Huang , Azra Abtahi , Amir Aminifar

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) offer a biologically plausible framework for energy-efficient neuromorphic computing. However, it is a challenge to train SNNs due to their non-differentiability, efficiently. Existing gradient approximation…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-08-04 Changqing Xu , Ziqiang Yang , Yi Liu , Xinfang Liao , Guiqi Mo , Hao Zeng , Yintang Yang

Nowadays deep learning is dominating the field of machine learning with state-of-the-art performance in various application areas. Recently, spiking neural networks (SNNs) have been attracting a great deal of attention, notably owning to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-02-28 Seongsik Park , Sang-gil Lee , Hyunha Nam , Sungroh Yoon

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have shown clear advantages over traditional artificial neural networks (ANNs) for low latency and high computational efficiency, due to their event-driven nature and sparse communication. However, the…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2020-07-03 Jibin Wu , Chenglin Xu , Daquan Zhou , Haizhou Li , Kay Chen Tan

Modern neural network training relies on piece-wise (sub-)differentiable functions in order to use backpropagation to update model parameters. In this work, we introduce a novel method to allow simple non-differentiable functions at…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-10-29 Jason Ramapuram , Russ Webb

The forward-forward algorithm presents a new method of training neural networks by updating weights during an inference, performing parameter updates for each layer individually. This immediately reduces memory requirements during training…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-06-28 Michael Hopwood

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are becoming increasingly deeper, wider, and non-linear due to the growing demands on prediction accuracy and analysis quality. When training a DNN model, the intermediate activation data must be saved in the…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2020-11-24 Sian Jin , Guanpeng Li , Shuaiwen Leon Song , Dingwen Tao

Automatic differentiation (AD) in reverse mode (RAD) is a central component of deep learning and other uses of large-scale optimization. Commonly used RAD algorithms such as backpropagation, however, are complex and stateful, hindering deep…

编程语言 · 计算机科学 2018-10-03 Conal Elliott

The rising computational and energy demands of deep neural networks (DNNs), driven largely by backpropagation (BP), challenge sustainable AI development. This paper rigorously investigates three BP-free training methods: the Forward-Forward…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-15 Przemysław Spyra

Backpropagation algorithm has been widely used as a mainstream learning procedure for neural networks in the past decade, and has played a significant role in the development of deep learning. However, there exist some limitations…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-12-12 Gongpei Zhao , Tao Wang , Yidong Li , Yi Jin , Congyan Lang , Haibin Ling