相关论文: Information content in formal languages
This work proposes a tentative model for the calculation of dimensionless distances between phonemes; sounds are described with binary distinctive features and distances show linear consistency in terms of such features. The model can be…
The question of what should be meant by a measurement is tackled from a mathematical perspective whose physical interpretation is that a measurement is a fundamental process via which a finite amount of classical information is produced.…
Defining various dishonest notions in a formal way is a key step to enable intelligent agents to act in untrustworthy environments. This review evaluates the literature for this topic by looking at formal definitions based on modal logic as…
A theoretical framework is presented allowing the treatment of quantum messages with components of variable length. To this aim a many-letter space, similiar to the Fock space, is constructed, generalizing the standard quantum information…
We introduce several new functions that measure the distance between two points $x$ and $y$ in a domain $G\subsetneq\mathbb{R}^n$ by using the arithmetic or the logarithmic mean of the Euclidean distances from the points $x$ and $y$ to the…
Let $A(n,d)$ be the maximum number of $0,1$ words of length $n$, any two having Hamming distance at least $d$. We prove $A(20,8)=256$, which implies that the quadruply shortened Golay code is optimal. Moreover, we show $A(18,6)\leq 673$,…
A theoretical framework is proposed for the understanding of verbal perception -- the conversion of words into meaning, modeled as a compromise between lexical demands and contextual constraints -- and the theory is tested against…
This report is mostly written for educational purposes. It is meant as a self contained introduction to regular languages, regular expressions, and regular expression matching by using Brzozowski derivatives. As such it is mostly based on…
The Unified Modelling Language is emerging as a de-facto standard for modelling object-oriented systems. However, the semantics document that a part of the standard definition primarily provides a description of the language's syntax and…
We explicitly prove the equivalence and construct a dictionary between two different supersymmetric formalisms for five-dimensional theories commonly used in the literature. One is the real formalism, which consists in doubling the number…
The integration of lexical semantics and pragmatics in the analysis of the meaning of natural lan- guage has prompted changes to the global framework derived from Montague. In those works, the original lexicon, in which words were assigned…
Compositionality is a widely discussed property of natural languages, although its exact definition has been elusive. We focus on the proposal that compositionality can be assessed by measuring meaning-form correlation. We analyze…
We obtain new separation results for the two-party external information complexity of boolean functions. The external information complexity of a function $f(x,y)$ is the minimum amount of information a two-party protocol computing $f$ must…
Intrinsic evaluation metrics for conditional language models, such as perplexity or bits-per-character, are widely used in both mono- and multilingual settings. These metrics are rather straightforward to use and compare in monolingual…
Initial semantics aims to capture inductive structures and their properties as initial objects in suitable categories. We focus on the initial semantics aiming to model the syntax and substitution structure of programming languages with…
Several measures exist for string similarity, including notable ones like the edit distance and the indel distance. The former measures the count of insertions, deletions, and substitutions required to transform one string into another,…
We develop layered monoidal theories -- a generalisation of monoidal theories combining formal descriptions of a system at different levels of abstraction. Via their representation as string diagrams, monoidal theories provide a graphical…
For a fixed set $X$, an arbitrary \textit{weight structure} $d \in [0,\infty]^{X \times X}$ can be interpreted as a distance assignment between pairs of points on $X$. Restrictions (i.e. \textit{metric axioms}) on the behaviour of any such…
The use of Dynamic Epistemic Logic (DEL) in multi-agent planning has led to a widely adopted action formalism that can handle nondeterminism, partial observability and arbitrary knowledge nesting. As such expressive power comes at the cost…
Quantifying the dissimilarity of two texts is an important aspect of a number of natural language processing tasks, including semantic information retrieval, topic classification, and document clustering. In this paper, we compared the…