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Source code is usually formatted with elements like indentation and newlines to improve readability for human developers. However, these visual aids do not seem to be beneficial for large language models (LLMs) in the same way since the…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-08-21 Dangfeng Pan , Zhensu Sun , Cenyuan Zhang , David Lo , Xiaoning Du

Reading code is an essential activity in software maintenance and evolution. Several studies with human subjects have investigated how different factors, such as the employed programming constructs and naming conventions, can impact code…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2021-10-05 Delano Oliveira , Reydne Bruno , Fernanda Madeiral , Fernando Castor

In computer programming languages, indentation formats program source code to improve readability. Programming languages make use of indentation to define program structure .Programmers use indentation to understand the structure of their…

编程语言 · 计算机科学 2013-11-14 Niranjan Kumar Parvatham

The readability of source code is key for understanding and maintaining software systems and tests. Several studies investigate the readability of source code, but there is limited research on the readability of test code and related…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2024-03-26 Dietmar Winkler , Pirmin Urbanke , Rudolf Ramler

Code search engines usually use readability feature to rank code snippets. There are several metrics to calculate this feature, but developers may have different perceptions about readability. Correlation between readability and…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-10-14 Carlos Eduardo C. Dantas , Marcelo A. Maia

Context: Code annotations have gained widespread popularity in programming languages, offering developers the ability to attach metadata to code elements to define custom behaviors. Many modern frameworks and APIs use annotations to keep…

We present the first systematic evaluation examining format bias in performance of large language models (LLMs). Our approach distinguishes between two categories of an evaluation metric under format constraints to reliably and accurately…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-25 Do Xuan Long , Hai Nguyen Ngoc , Tiviatis Sim , Hieu Dao , Shafiq Joty , Kenji Kawaguchi , Nancy F. Chen , Min-Yen Kan

Teaching the software engineers of the future to write high-quality code with good style and structure is important. This systematic literature review identifies existing instructional approaches, their objectives, and the strategies used…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-02-26 Sara Nurollahian , Hieke Keuning , Eliane Wiese

Qualitative coding, or content analysis, extracts meaning from text to discern quantitative patterns across a corpus of texts. Recently, advances in the interpretive abilities of large language models (LLMs) offer potential for automating…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-02-14 Zackary Okun Dunivin

This paper investigates the automation of qualitative data analysis, focusing on inductive coding using large language models (LLMs). Unlike traditional approaches that rely on deductive methods with predefined labels, this research…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-02 Angelina Parfenova , Andreas Marfurt , Alexander Denzler , Juergen Pfeffer

Code readability and software complexity are important software quality metrics that impact other software metrics such as maintainability, reusability, portability and reliability. This paper presents an empirical study of the…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2019-09-05 Duaa Alawad , Manisha Panta , Minhaz Zibran , Md Rakibul Islam

Unreadable code could be a breeding ground for errors. Thus, previous work defined approaches based on machine learning to automatically assess code readability that can warn developers when some code artifacts (e.g., classes) become…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-03-12 Antonio Vitale , Emanuela Guglielmi , Rocco Oliveto , Simone Scalabrino

Increased reproducibility of machine learning research has been a driving force for dramatic improvements in learning performances. The scientific community further fosters this effort by including reproducibility ratings in reviewer forms…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-17 Eyüp Kaan Akdeniz , Selma Tekir , Malik Nizar Asad Al Hinnawi

With the growing use of large language models(LLMs) as evaluators, their application has expanded to code evaluation tasks, where they assess the correctness of generated code without relying on reference implementations. While this offers…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-06 Jiwon Moon , Yerin Hwang , Dongryeol Lee , Taegwan Kang , Yongil Kim , Kyomin Jung

Numeral systems across the world's languages vary in fascinating ways, both regarding their synchronic structure and the diachronic processes that determined how they evolved in their current shape. For a proper comparison of numeral…

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are transforming software development, the functional quality of generated code has become a central focus, leaving readability, one of critical non-functional attributes, understudied. Given that…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-05-14 Hengzhi Ye , Fengyuan Ran , Weiwei Xu , Minghui Zhou

Color coding, a technique assigning specific colors to cluster information types, has proven advantages in aiding human cognitive activities, especially reading and comprehension. The rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) has streamlined…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2024-08-28 Ho Yin Ng , Zeyu He , Ting-Hao 'Kenneth' Huang

PDFs remain the dominant format for scholarly communication, despite significant accessibility challenges for blind and low-vision users. While various tools attempt to evaluate PDF accessibility, there is no standardized methodology to…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2025-09-24 Anukriti Kumar , Tanushree Padath , Lucy Lu Wang

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used for automated code refactoring tasks. Although these models can quickly refactor code, the quality may exhibit inconsistencies and unpredictable behavior. In this article, we systematically…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-02-26 Norman Peitek , Julia Hess , Sven Apel

Matching for causal inference is a well-studied problem, but standard methods fail when the units to match are text documents: the high-dimensional and rich nature of the data renders exact matching infeasible, causes propensity scores to…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2019-03-15 Reagan Mozer , Luke Miratrix , Aaron Russell Kaufman , L. Jason Anastasopoulos
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