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Recent byte-level language models (LMs) match the performance of token-level models without relying on subword vocabularies, yet their utility is limited by slow, byte-by-byte autoregressive generation. We address this bottleneck in the…

Response-free item difficulty modelling promises to reduce reliance on response-based calibration but is intrinsically difficult on reading-comprehension multiple-choice items, where difficulty depends on inferential demands across wording…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Jan Netík , Patrícia Martinková

Language models (LMs) are pre-trained on raw text datasets to generate text sequences token-by-token. While this approach facilitates the learning of world knowledge and reasoning, it does not explicitly optimize for linguistic competence.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-17 Atsuki Yamaguchi , Maggie Mi , Nikolaos Aletras

Web-based educational videos offer flexible learning opportunities and are becoming increasingly popular. However, improving user engagement and knowledge retention remains a challenge. Automatically generated questions can activate…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-05-06 Markos Stamatakis , Joshua Berger , Christian Wartena , Ralph Ewerth , Anett Hoppe

Safe deployment of large language models (LLMs) may benefit from a reliable method for assessing their generated content to determine when to abstain or to selectively generate. While likelihood-based metrics such as perplexity are widely…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-18 Jie Ren , Yao Zhao , Tu Vu , Peter J. Liu , Balaji Lakshminarayanan

We propose a recurrent neural model that generates natural-language questions from documents, conditioned on answers. We show how to train the model using a combination of supervised and reinforcement learning. After teacher forcing for…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable abilities in general scenarios. Instruction finetuning empowers them to align with humans in various tasks. Nevertheless, the Diversity and Quality of the instruction data remain two…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-09 Xingyuan Pan , Luyang Huang , Liyan Kang , Zhicheng Liu , Yu Lu , Shanbo Cheng

Reasoning over multiple modalities, e.g. in Visual Question Answering (VQA), requires an alignment of semantic concepts across domains. Despite the widespread success of end-to-end learning, today's multimodal pipelines by and large…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-09-10 Jan-Martin O. Steitz , Jonas Pfeiffer , Iryna Gurevych , Stefan Roth

Cross-domain recommendation (CDR) is crucial for improving recommendation accuracy and generalization, yet traditional methods are often hindered by the reliance on shared user/item IDs, which are unavailable in most real-world scenarios.…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-11-18 Peiyu Hu , Wayne Lu , Jia Wang

Though image-to-sequence generation models have become overwhelmingly popular in human-computer communications, they suffer from strongly favoring safe generic questions ("What is in this picture?"). Generating uninformative but relevant…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2019-03-28 Ranjay Krishna , Michael Bernstein , Li Fei-Fei

Recent advances in large language model (LLM) training have highlighted the need for diverse, high-quality instruction data. Recently, many works are exploring synthetic data generation using LLMs. However, they primarily focus on prompt…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-10 Yifang Chen , David Zhu , Simon Du , Kevin Jamieson , Yang Liu

Recent question generation (QG) approaches often utilize the sequence-to-sequence framework (Seq2Seq) to optimize the log-likelihood of ground-truth questions using teacher forcing. However, this training objective is inconsistent with…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-11-03 Yuxi Xie , Liangming Pan , Dongzhe Wang , Min-Yen Kan , Yansong Feng

Providing user-understandable explanations to justify recommendations could help users better understand the recommended items, increase the system's ease of use, and gain users' trust. A typical approach to realize it is natural language…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2023-01-16 Lei Li , Yongfeng Zhang , Li Chen

Diffusion models have shown promise in text generation, but often struggle with generating long, coherent, and contextually accurate text. Token-level diffusion doesn't model word-order dependencies explicitly and operates on short, fixed…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Xiaochen Zhu , Georgi Karadzhov , Chenxi Whitehouse , Andreas Vlachos

Existing pre-trained language models (PLMs) have demonstrated the effectiveness of self-supervised learning for a broad range of natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, most of them are not explicitly aware of domain-specific…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-09-28 Song Xu , Haoran Li , Peng Yuan , Yujia Wang , Youzheng Wu , Xiaodong He , Ying Liu , Bowen Zhou

Online reviews provide rich information about products and service, while it remains inefficient for potential consumers to exploit the reviews for fulfilling their specific information need. We propose to explore question generation as a…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2020-05-05 Qian Yu , Lidong Bing , Qiong Zhang , Wai Lam , Luo Si

Due to the growing complexity of modern Integrated Circuits (ICs), there is a need for automated circuit design methods. Recent years have seen rising research in hardware design language generation to facilitate the design process. In this…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-05-03 Zehua Pei , Hui-Ling Zhen , Mingxuan Yuan , Yu Huang , Bei Yu

Deep learning has shown its efficacy in extracting useful features to solve various computer vision tasks. However, when the structure of the data is complex and noisy, capturing effective information to improve performance is very…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-07-09 Eun Som Jeon , Rahul Khurana , Aishani Pathak , Pavan Turaga

Generating natural language statements to convey logical inferences from tabular data (i.e., Logical NLG) is a process with one input and a variety of valid outputs. This characteristic underscores the need for a method to produce a diverse…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-05-31 Yotam Perlitz , Liat Ein-Dor , Dafna Sheinwald , Noam Slonim , Michal Shmueli-Scheuer

While buying a product from the e-commerce websites, customers generally have a plethora of questions. From the perspective of both the e-commerce service provider as well as the customers, there must be an effective question answering…