相关论文: Conformance Testing of Mealy Machines Under Input …

The global testing problem studied in this paper is to seek a definite answer to whether a system of concurrent black-boxes has an observable behavior in a given finite (but could be huge) set "Bad". We introduce a novel approach to solve…

We present a new approach to conformance testing of black-box reactive systems. We consider system specifications written as linear temporal logic formulas to generate tests as sequences of input/output pairs: inputs are extracted from the…

For partial, nondeterministic, finite state machines, a new conformance relation called strong reduction is presented. It complements other existing conformance relations in the sense that the new relation is well-suited for model-based…

Black-box checking (BBC)} is a testing method for cyber-physical systems (CPSs) as well as software systems. BBC consists of active automata learning and model checking; a Mealy machine is learned from the system under test (SUT), and the…

Conformance testing of automata is about checking the equivalence of a known specification and a black-box implementation. An important notion in conformance testing is that of a complete test suite, which guarantees that if an…

Compositionality supports the manipulation of large systems by working on their components. For model-based testing, this means that large systems can be tested by modelling and testing their components: passing tests for all components…

Modern AI systems increasingly comprise multiple interconnected neural networks to tackle complex inference tasks. Testing such systems for robustness and safety entails significant challenges. Current state-of-the-art robustness testing…

Building models that comply with the invariances inherent to different domains, such as invariance under translation or rotation, is a key aspect of applying machine learning to real world problems like molecular property prediction,…

This paper develops a grey-box approach to small-signal stability analysis of complex power systems that facilitates root-cause tracing without requiring disclosure of the full details of the internal control structure of apparatus…

The contribution of this paper is threefold: first, it defines a framework for modelling component-based systems, as well as a formalization of integration rules to combine their behavior. This is based on finite state machines (FSM).…

We present a new "grey-box" approach to anomaly detection in smart manufacturing. The approach is designed for tools run by control systems which execute recipe steps to produce semiconductor wafers. Multiple streaming sensors capture trace…

Understanding and controlling engineered quantum systems is key to developing practical quantum technology. However, given the current technological limitations, such as fabrication imperfections and environmental noise, this is not always…

A test oracle determines whether a system behaves correctly for a given input. Automatic testing techniques rely on an automated test oracle to test the system without user interaction. Important families of automated test oracles include…

This article proposes a test procedure that can be used to test ML models and ML-based systems independently of the actual training process. In this way, the typical quality statements such as accuracy and precision of these models and…

In black-box testing of GUI applications (a form of system testing), a dynamic analysis of the GUI application is used to infer a black-box model; the black-box model is then used to derive test cases for the test of the GUI application. In…

Model checking is an established technique to formally verify automation systems which are required to be trusted. However, for sufficiently complex systems model checking becomes computationally infeasible. On the other hand, testing,…

Today, machine learning (ML) models are increasingly applied in decision making. This induces an urgent need for quality assurance of ML models with respect to (often domain-dependent) requirements. Monotonicity is one such requirement. It…

The emergence of foundational models has greatly improved performance across various downstream tasks, with fine-tuning often yielding even better results. However, existing fine-tuning approaches typically require access to model weights…

We study the problem of deriving a specification for a third-party component, based on the specification of the system and the environment in which the component is supposed to reside. Particularly, we are interested in using component…

We study black-box testing for stochastic systems and arbitrary $\omega$-regular specifications, explicitly including liveness properties. We are given a finite-state probabilistic system that we can only execute from the initial state. We…