相关论文: Naturalness: A Snowmass White Paper

We reconsider the massless up quark solution of the strong CP problem. We show that an anomaly free horizontal symmetry can naturally lead to a massless up quark and to a corresponding accidental anomalous symmetry. Reviewing the…

Weak scale supersymmetric theories often suffer from several naturalness problems: the problems of reproducing the correct scale for electroweak symmetry breaking, the correct abundance for dark matter, and small rates for flavor violating…

I review three problems in astrophysics of compacts stars: (i) the phase diagram of warm pair-correlated nuclear matter a sub-saturation densities at finite isospin asymmtery; (ii) the Standard Model neutrino emission from superfluid phases…

We study gauge hierarchy problem of the Standard Model (SM) not by introducing new physics at the electroweak scale but by utilizing gravitational frames, frames generated by conformal transformations, as a renormalization medium. The…

We present a cosmological model constituted by three perfect fluids, cold dark matter, vacuum energy and radiation, which interacting with each other lead to an equivalent model of three self-preserved fluids that can be identified with the…

These lectures have been given to particle physicists, mostly experimentalists and very briefly and at a pedestrian level review the problems of dark matter. The content of the lectures is the following: 1. Introduction. 2. Cosmological…

Three limits to the physical world (quantum physics, gravity and dark energy) are presented on a triangular diagram having as summits the Planck scale, the Universe and a neutrino-like object.

Cosmological models involving an interaction between dark matter and dark energy have been proposed in order to solve the so-called coincidence problem. Different forms of coupling have been studied, but there have been claims that…

We consider two problems that have vexed physicists for several decades -- dark matter and the cosmological constant. The problem has been that the former has not been detected while the latter gives a far higher value than detected by…

These lectures aim to highlight the remarkable symbiosis that currently exists between the physics of the very small and the physics of the very large, using the unsolved puzzle of the nature of Dark Energy as a vehicle for so doing. The…

Without a doubt many problems in physics arise as a consequence of our philosophical conception of the world. In this contribution however we endeavor to alleviate this scenario by putting forward a philosophical approach under which some…

We present a solution to the electroweak hierarchy problem, where the relevant new particles are third-generation-philic and hidden in SM processes with third-generation fermions. Due to this feature, the mass bounds from direct searches…

Although quintessence cosmologies seem to explain the amount of cosmological constant today, the required conditions are severe. For example, an extremely slowly varying and light scalar field that rolls toward the vanishing vacuum energy…

This is the report of the {\em Working Group on Early Universe Cosmology and Tests of Fundamental Physics}, group P4.8 of the of the Snowmass 2001 conference. Here we summarize the impressive array of advances that have taken place in this…

In this talk I discuss several topics at the interface of particle physics and astrophysics/cosmology. These include the problem of dark matter and two popular dark matter candidates: axions and neutralinos. I also discuss briefly some…

We demonstrate that the physics which resolves naturalness problems need not take the form of new particles and can sometimes manifest itself as higher dimensional operators. As a proof of principle, we present a simple model where the…

This paper reviews the physics of stars, the type, structure, evolution and stability. Simple thermodynamics and statistical mechanics are used to show the inner working of white dwarf and neutron stars. The major concentration of the paper…

The problems of coarse-graining and averaging of inhomogeneous cosmologies, and their backreaction on average cosmic evolution, are reviewed from a physical viewpoint. A particular focus is placed on comparing different notions of average…

I suggest that stars introduce mass and density scales that lead to `naturalness' in the Universe. Namely, two ratios of order unity. (1) The combination of the stellar mass scale, M*, with the Planck mass, MPl, and the Chandrasekhar mass…

If the fine structure constant $\alpha =e^2/(\hbar c)$ were to change, then a number of interpretations would be possible, attributing this change either to variations in the electron charge, the dielectric constant of the vacuum, the speed…