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While large-scale language models (LMs) are able to imitate the distribution of natural language well enough to generate realistic text, it is difficult to control which regions of the distribution they generate. This is especially…

Automatic counterspeech generation methods have been developed to assist efforts in combating hate speech. Existing research focuses on generating counterspeech with linguistic attributes such as being polite, informative, and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-02 Lingzi Hong , Pengcheng Luo , Eduardo Blanco , Xiaoying Song

Counterspeech offers direct rebuttals to hateful speech by challenging perpetrators of hate and showing support to targets of abuse. It provides a promising alternative to more contentious measures, such as content moderation and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-07-11 Yi-Ling Chung , Gavin Abercrombie , Florence Enock , Jonathan Bright , Verena Rieser

Countermeasures to effectively fight the ever increasing hate speech online without blocking freedom of speech is of great social interest. Natural Language Generation (NLG), is uniquely capable of developing scalable solutions. However,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-06-04 Wanzheng Zhu , Suma Bhat

Online hate speech poses a serious threat to individual well-being and societal cohesion. A promising solution to curb online hate speech is counterspeech. Counterspeech is aimed at encouraging users to reconsider hateful posts by direct…

社会与信息网络 · 计算机科学 2024-11-26 Dominik Bär , Abdurahman Maarouf , Stefan Feuerriegel

Counterspeech, i.e., responses to counteract potential harms of hateful speech, has become an increasingly popular solution to address online hate speech without censorship. However, properly countering hateful language requires countering…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-11-02 Jimin Mun , Emily Allaway , Akhila Yerukola , Laura Vianna , Sarah-Jane Leslie , Maarten Sap

Citizen-generated counter speech is a promising way to fight hate speech and promote peaceful, non-polarized discourse. However, there is a lack of large-scale longitudinal studies of its effectiveness for reducing hate speech. To this end,…

社会与信息网络 · 计算机科学 2021-09-07 Joshua Garland , Keyan Ghazi-Zahedi , Jean-Gabriel Young , Laurent Hébert-Dufresne , Mirta Galesic

Counterspeech can be an effective method for battling hateful content on social media. Automated counterspeech generation can aid in this process. Generated counterspeech, however, can be viable only when grounded in the context of topic,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-01 Sabit Hassan , Malihe Alikhani

Counterspeech is a targeted response to counteract and challenge abusive or hateful content. It effectively curbs the spread of hatred and fosters constructive online communication. Previous studies have proposed different strategies for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-29 Xiaoying Song , Sujana Mamidisetty , Eduardo Blanco , Lingzi Hong

Hateful rhetoric is plaguing online discourse, fostering extreme societal movements and possibly giving rise to real-world violence. A potential solution to this growing global problem is citizen-generated counter speech where citizens…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2020-06-09 Joshua Garland , Keyan Ghazi-Zahedi , Jean-Gabriel Young , Laurent Hébert-Dufresne , Mirta Galesic

In the digital age, hate speech poses a threat to the functioning of social media platforms as spaces for public discourse. Top-down approaches to moderate hate speech encounter difficulties due to conflicts with freedom of expression and…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2025-11-24 Jana Lasser , Alina Herderich , Joshua Garland , Segun Taofeek Aroyehun , David Garcia , Mirta Galesic

Automatic hate speech detection using deep neural models is hampered by the scarcity of labeled datasets, leading to poor generalization. To mitigate this problem, generative AI has been utilized to generate large amounts of synthetic hate…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-11-17 Sagi Pendzel , Tomer Wullach , Amir Adler , Einat Minkov

AI-generated counterspeech offers a promising and scalable strategy to curb online toxicity through direct replies that promote civil discourse. However, current counterspeech is one-size-fits-all, lacking adaptation to the moderation…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2025-02-10 Lorenzo Cima , Alessio Miaschi , Amaury Trujillo , Marco Avvenuti , Felice Dell'Orletta , Stefano Cresci

Toxicity mitigation consists in rephrasing text in order to remove offensive or harmful meaning. Neural natural language processing (NLP) models have been widely used to target and mitigate textual toxicity. However, existing methods fail…

Counterspeech has been demonstrated to be an efficacious approach for combating hate speech. While various conventional and controlled approaches have been studied in recent years to generate counterspeech, a counterspeech with a certain…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-05-24 Rishabh Gupta , Shaily Desai , Manvi Goel , Anil Bandhakavi , Tanmoy Chakraborty , Md. Shad Akhtar

Combating online hate speech in multilingual settings requires approaches that go beyond English-centric models and capture the cultural and linguistic diversity of global online discourse. This paper presents a comprehensive survey and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-23 Zahra Safdari Fesaghandis , Suman Kalyan Maity

Bias mitigation approaches reduce models' dependence on sensitive features of data, such as social group tokens (SGTs), resulting in equal predictions across the sensitive features. In hate speech detection, however, equalizing model…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-08-05 Aida Mostafazadeh Davani , Ali Omrani , Brendan Kennedy , Mohammad Atari , Xiang Ren , Morteza Dehghani

Recent computational approaches for combating online hate speech involve the automatic generation of counter narratives by adapting Pretrained Transformer-based Language Models (PLMs) with human-curated data. This process, however, can…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-09-06 Helena Bonaldi , Giuseppe Attanasio , Debora Nozza , Marco Guerini

Counter-speech generation is at the core of many expert activities, such as fact-checking and hate speech, to counter harmful content. Yet, existing work treats counter-speech generation as pure text generation task, mainly based on Large…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-15 Greta Damo , Elena Cabrio , Serena Villata

With the emergence of numerous Large Language Models (LLM), the usage of such models in various Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications is increasing extensively. Counterspeech generation is one such key task where efforts are made…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-25 Punyajoy Saha , Aalok Agrawal , Abhik Jana , Chris Biemann , Animesh Mukherjee
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