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Photonic technologies offer great prospects for novel ultrafast, energy-efficient and hardware-friendly neuromorphic (brain-like) computing platforms. Moreover, neuromorphic photonic approaches based upon ubiquitous, technology-mature and…

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) promise orders-of-magnitude efficiency gains by communicating with sparse, event-driven spikes rather than dense numerical activations. However, most training pipelines either rely on surrogate-gradient…

Recent advancements in quantization and mixed-precision approaches offers substantial opportunities to improve the speed and energy efficiency of Neural Networks (NN). Research has shown that individual parameters with varying low…

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) exhibit exceptional energy efficiency on neuromorphic hardware due to their sparse activation patterns. However, conventional training methods based on surrogate gradients and Backpropagation Through Time…

The spiking neural network (SNN) has been attracting considerable attention not only as a mathematical model for the brain, but also as an energy-efficient information processing model for real-world applications. In particular, SNNs based…

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have garnered attention over recent years due to their increased energy efficiency and advantages in terms of operational complexity compared to traditional Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). Two important…

The evolution of quantization and mixed-precision techniques has unlocked new possibilities for enhancing the speed and energy efficiency of NNs. Several recent studies indicate that adapting precision levels across different parameters can…

The strongly-constrained physics-informed neural network (SCPINN) is proposed by adding the information of compound derivative embedded into the soft-constraint of physics-informed neural network(PINN). It is used to predict nonlinear…

Bayesian neural networks (BNNs) offer uncertainty quantification but come with the downside of substantially increased training and inference costs. Sparse BNNs have been investigated for efficient inference, typically by either slowly…

Spiking neural networks are neuromorphic systems that emulate certain aspects of biological neurons, offering potential advantages in energy efficiency and speed by for example leveraging sparsity. While CMOS-based electronic SNN hardware…

Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become incredibly popular in recent years, and the significance of traditional accelerators in dealing with large-scale parameters is urgent. With the diffusion model's parallel structure, the…

Mixed-signal analog/digital circuits emulate spiking neurons and synapses with extremely high energy efficiency, an approach known as "neuromorphic engineering". However, analog circuits are sensitive to process-induced variation among…

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are highly energy-efficient due to event-driven, sparse computation, but their training is challenged by spike non-differentiability and trade-offs among performance, efficiency, and biological plausibility.…

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) offer advantages in computational efficiency via event-driven computing, compared to traditional artificial neural networks (ANNs). While direct training methods tackle the challenge of non-differentiable…

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have shown advantages in computation and energy efficiency over traditional artificial neural networks (ANNs) thanks to their event-driven representations. SNNs also replace weight multiplications in ANNs with…

Bayesian Neural Networks (BNNs) provide principled estimates of model and data uncertainty by encoding parameters as distributions. This makes them key enablers for reliable AI that can be deployed on safety critical edge systems. These…

Inverse design, the process of matching a device or process parameters to exhibit a desired performance, is applied in many disciplines ranging from material design over chemical processes and to engineering. Machine learning has emerged as…

In the past decades, great progress has been made in the field of optical and particle-based measurement techniques for experimental analysis of fluid flows. Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) technique is widely used to identify flow…

Point spread function (PSF) engineering is vital for precisely controlling the focus of light in computational imaging, with applications in neural imaging, fluorescence microscopy, and biophotonics. The PSF is derived from the magnitude of…

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) promise energy-efficient computation by mimicking biological neural dynamics, yet existing plasticity rules focus on isolated spike pairs and fail to leverage the synchronous activity patterns that drive…