相关论文: Off-axis runaway-electron seed formation, growth a…

The dynamics of relativistic runaway electrons are analyzed using the relativistic Fokker-Planck equation including deceleration due to the synchrotron radiation and radial diffusion loss caused by stochastic magnetic fluctuations (SMFs).…

Runaway electrons, which are generated in a plasma where the induced electric field exceeds a certain critical value, can reach very high energies in the MeV range. For such energetic electrons, radiative losses will contribute…

By placing the biased tip of an atomic force microscope at a specific position above a semiconductor surface we can locally shape the potential landscape. Inducing a local repulsive potential in a two dimensional electron gas near a quantum…

The results of a numerical simulation of the generation of runaway electrons in pressurized nitrogen and helium gases are presented. It was shown that runaway electrons generation occurs in two stages. In the first stage, runaway electrons…

Experimental observations, as well as theoretical predictions, indicate that the transport of energetic electrons decreases with energy. This reduction in transport is attributed to finite orbit width (FOW) effects. Using orbit-following…

A kinetic formalism of parametric decay of a large amplitude lower hybrid pump wave into runaway electron mode and a uppersideband mode is investigated. The pump and the sideband exert a ponderomotive force on runaway electrons, driving the…

About 1/3 of X-ray-luminous clusters show smooth, unpolarized radio emission on ~Mpc scales, known as giant radio halos. One promising model for radio halos is Fermi-II acceleration of seed relativistic electrons by turbulence of the…

The safe operation of tokamak reactors requires a reliable modeling capability of disruptions, and in particular the spatio-temporal dynamics of associated runaway electron currents. In a disruption, instabilities can break up magnetic…

Recently, the validity of the guiding-center approach to model relativistic runaway electrons in tokamaks has been challenged by full-orbit simulations that demonstrate the breakdown of the standard magnetic moment conservation. In this…

RHESSI measurements relevant to the fundamental processes of energy release and particle acceleration in flares are summarized. RHESSI's precise measurements of hard X-ray continuum spectra enable model-independent deconvolution to obtain…

Synchrotron emission from runaway electrons may be used to diagnose plasma conditions during a tokamak disruption, but solving this inverse problem requires rapid simulation of the electron distribution function and associated synchrotron…

We assess runaway-electron (RE) generation in ITER disruptions mitigated by shattered pellet injection (SPI) using improved physics modelling in the 1D disruption simulation framework Dream. To this end, we extend Dream with four…

$\textit{Tokamak disruptions}$ can give rise to the $\textit{runaway phenomenon}$, which is typical in plasma physics and describes the almost unbound acceleration of electrons to relativistic velocities and can lead to the formation of a…

The orientation and stability of the reconnection x-line in asymmetric geometry is studied using three-dimensional (3D) particle-in-cell simulations. We initiate reconnection at the center of a large simulation domain to minimize the…

The vertical plane transverse emittance of accelerated electron bunches at the AWAKE experiment at CERN has been determined, using three different methods of data analysis. This is a proof-of-principle measurement using the existing AWAKE…

Experimental results on the position and current control of disruption generated runaway electrons (RE) in FTU are presented. A scanning interferometer diagnostic has been used to analyze the time evolution of the RE beam radial position…

Pulsed Laser Deposition in molecular-beam epitaxy environment (Laser-MBE) has been used to grow high quality BaCuOx/CaCuO2 superlattices. In situ Reflection High Energy Electron Diffraction (RHEED) shows that the growth mechanism is…

This Roadmap article addresses the critical and multifaceted challenge of plasma-facing component (PFC) damage caused by runaway electrons (REs) in tokamaks, a phenomenon that poses a significant threat to the viability and longevity of…

The transport of reactive species brought about by ions traversing tissue-like medium is analysed analytically. Secondary electrons ejected by ions are capable of ionizing other molecules; the transport of these generations of electrons is…

We present a microscopic theory of resonant soft x-ray scattering (RSXS) that accounts for the delocalized character of valence electrons. Unlike past approaches defined in terms of form factors for atoms or clusters, we develop a…