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In the context of the Electronic Health Record, automated diagnosis coding of patient notes is a useful task, but a challenging one due to the large number of codes and the length of patient notes. We investigate four models for assigning…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2017-11-22 Tal Baumel , Jumana Nassour-Kassis , Raphael Cohen , Michael Elhadad , No`emie Elhadad

Medical coding translates free-text clinical documentation into standardized codes drawn from classification systems that contain tens of thousands of entries and are updated annually. It is central to billing, clinical research, and…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-01 Joakim Edin , Andreas Motzfeldt , Simon Flachs , Lars Maaløe

Finding similar patients is a common objective in precision medicine, facilitating treatment outcome assessment and clinical decision support. Choosing widely-available patient features and appropriate mathematical methods for similarity…

ICD coding is the process of mapping unstructured text from Electronic Health Records (EHRs) to standardised codes defined by the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) system. In order to promote trust and transparency, existing…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-13 Mingyang Li , Viktor Schlegel , Tingting Mu , Wuraola Oyewusi , Kai Kang , Goran Nenadic

Machine reading comprehension (MRC) is the task that asks a machine to answer questions based on a given context. For Chinese MRC, due to the non-literal and non-compositional semantic characteristics, Chinese idioms pose unique challenges…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-11-10 Siyu Long , Ran Wang , Kun Tao , Jiali Zeng , Xin-Yu Dai

The vast majority of research in computer assisted medical coding focuses on coding at the document level, but a substantial proportion of medical coding in the real world involves coding at the level of clinical encounters, each of which…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2019-11-19 Han-Chin Shing , Guoli Wang , Philip Resnik

Clinical interactions are initially recorded and documented in free text medical notes. ICD coding is the task of classifying and coding all diagnoses, symptoms and procedures associated with a patient's visit. The process is often manual…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2020-06-09 Zachariah Zhang , Jingshu Liu , Narges Razavian

Codification of free-text clinical narratives have long been recognised to be beneficial for secondary uses such as funding, insurance claim processing and research. The current scenario of assigning codes is a manual process which is very…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-07-23 Rajvir Kaur , Jeewani Anupama Ginige , Oliver Obst

Background and Objective: Code assignment is of paramount importance in many levels in modern hospitals, from ensuring accurate billing process to creating a valid record of patient care history. However, the coding process is tedious and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2019-10-03 Jinmiao Huang , Cesar Osorio , Luke Wicent Sy

The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) serves as a definitive medical classification system encompassing a wide range of diseases and conditions. The primary objective of ICD indexing is to allocate a subset of ICD codes to a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-30 Xindi Wang , Robert E. Mercer , Frank Rudzicz

A ubiquitous task in processing electronic medical data is the assignment of standardized codes representing diagnoses and/or procedures to free-text documents such as medical reports. This is a difficult natural language processing task…

Objective. Natural language processing methods for medical auto-coding, or automatic generation of medical billing codes from electronic health records, generally assign each code independently of the others. They may thus assign codes for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2015-10-19 Michael Subotin , Anthony R. Davis

Automatic ICD coding from clinical text is a critical task in medical NLP but remains hindered by the extreme long-tail distribution of diagnostic codes. Thousands of rare and zero-shot ICD codes are severely underrepresented in datasets…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-19 Truong Vo , Weiyi Wu , Kaize Ding

Automatic International Classification of Diseases (ICD) coding aims to assign multiple ICD codes to a medical note with average length of 3,000+ tokens. This task is challenging due to a high-dimensional space of multi-label assignment…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-10-14 Zhichao Yang , Shufan Wang , Bhanu Pratap Singh Rawat , Avijit Mitra , Hong Yu

Addressing the complexity of accurately classifying International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes from medical discharge summaries is challenging due to the intricate nature of medical documentation. This paper explores the use of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-12 Zeyd Boukhers , AmeerAli Khan , Qusai Ramadan , Cong Yang

ICD coding from electronic clinical records is a manual, time-consuming and expensive process. Code assignment is, however, an important task for billing purposes and database organization. While many works have studied the problem of…

Clinical diagnosis, which aims to assign diagnosis codes for a patient based on the clinical note, plays an essential role in clinical decision-making. Considering that manual diagnosis could be error-prone and time-consuming, many…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-01-28 Yichao Du , Pengfei Luo , Xudong Hong , Tong Xu , Zhe Zhang , Chao Ren , Yi Zheng , Enhong Chen

Learning to represent free text is a core task in many clinical machine learning (ML) applications, as clinical text contains observations and plans not otherwise available for inference. State-of-the-art methods use large language models…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-01-30 Lecheng Kong , Christopher King , Bradley Fritz , Yixin Chen

Medical coding, the translation of unstructured clinical text into standardized medical codes, is a crucial but time-consuming healthcare practice. Though large language models (LLM) could automate the coding process and improve the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-25 John Wu , David Wu , Jimeng Sun

A range of applications for automatic machine learning need the generation process to be controllable. In this work, we propose a way to control the output via a sequence of simple actions, that are called semantic code classes. Finally, we…