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Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a major global health challenge, with high post-surgical recurrence rates underscoring the need for accurate pathological response predictions to guide personalized treatments. Although artificial…

Histopathological analysis has been transformed by serial section-based methods, advancing beyond traditional 2D histology to enable volumetric and microstructural insights in oncology and inflammatory disease diagnostics. This review…

组织与器官 · 定量生物学 2025-08-05 Zhenfeng Zhuang , Min Cen , Lei Jiang , Qiong Peng , Yihuang Hu , Hong-Yu Zhou , Liansheng Wang

While artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms continue to rival human performance on a variety of clinical tasks, the question of how best to incorporate these algorithms into clinical workflows remains relatively unexplored. We…

Despite their potential to address crucial bottlenecks in computing architectures and contribute to the pool of biological inspiration for engineering, pathological biological mechanisms remain absent from computational theory. We hereby…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2025-03-18 Rosalia Moreddu , Michael Levin

In Recent Years, Digital Technologies Have Made Significant Strides In Augmenting-Human-Health, Cognition, And Perception, Particularly Within The Field Of Computational-Pathology. This Paper Presents A Novel Approach To Enhancing The…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-07-24 Xiaoqian Hu

Histopathology refers to the examination by a pathologist of biopsy samples. Histopathology images are captured by a microscope to locate, examine, and classify many diseases, such as different cancer types. They provide a detailed view of…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2020-11-12 Naira Elazab , Hassan Soliman , Shaker El-Sappagh , S. M. Riazul Islam , Mohammed Elmogy

Image analysis tasks in computational pathology are commonly solved using convolutional neural networks (CNNs). The selection of a suitable CNN architecture and hyperparameters is usually done through exploratory iterative optimization,…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2022-02-11 Lars Ole Schwen , Daniela Schacherer , Christian Geißler , André Homeyer

Tumor segmentation plays a critical role in histopathology, but it requires costly, fine-grained image-mask pairs annotated by pathologists. Thus, synthesizing histopathology data to expand the dataset is highly desirable. Previous works…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-03-07 Hong Liu , Haosen Yang , Evi M. C. Huijben , Mark Schuiveling , Ruisheng Su , Josien P. W. Pluim , Mitko Veta

Computational psychiatry is a field aimed at developing formal models of information processing in the human brain, and how alterations in this processing can lead to clinical phenomena. Despite significant progress in the development of…

神经元与认知 · 定量生物学 2023-01-12 David Benrimoh , Victoria Fisher , Catalina Mourgues , Andrew D. Sheldon , Ryan Smith , Albert R. Powers

In this work, we reflect on the data-driven modeling paradigm that is gaining ground in AI-driven automation of patient care. We argue that the repurposing of existing real-world patient datasets for machine learning may not always…

Purpose of review: Artificial intelligence (AI) has become popular in medical applications, specifically as a clinical support tool for computer-aided diagnosis. These tools are typically employed on medical data (i.e., image, molecular…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-06-08 Ahmad Chaddad , Yousef Katib , Lama Hassan

In the last years, neural networks have proven to be a powerful framework for various image analysis problems. However, some application domains have specific limitations. Notably, digital pathology is an example of such fields due to…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2018-02-06 Gleb Makarchuk , Vladimir Kondratenko , Maxim Pisov , Artem Pimkin , Egor Krivov , Mikhail Belyaev

Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI), in particular self-supervised learning of foundation models (FMs), are revolutionizing medical imaging and computational pathology (CPath). A constant challenge in the analysis of digital…

Tissue characterization has long been an important component of Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) systems for automatic lesion detection and further clinical planning. Motivated by the superior performance of deep learning methods on various…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-03-24 Xiang Li , Aoxiao Zhong , Ming Lin , Ning Guo , Mu Sun , Arkadiusz Sitek , Jieping Ye , James Thrall , Quanzheng Li

Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is an enigmatic group of diagnoses where the primary anatomical site of tumor origin cannot be determined. This poses a significant challenge since modern therapeutics such as chemotherapy regimen and immune…

组织与器官 · 定量生物学 2021-07-14 Ming Y. Lu , Melissa Zhao , Maha Shady , Jana Lipkova , Tiffany Y. Chen , Drew F. K. Williamson , Faisal Mahmood

Advances in entity-graph based analysis of histopathology images have brought in a new paradigm to describe tissue composition, and learn the tissue structure-to-function relationship. Entity-graphs offer flexible and scalable…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2021-07-22 Guillaume Jaume , Pushpak Pati , Valentin Anklin , Antonio Foncubierta , Maria Gabrani

Medical AI diagnosis including histopathology segmentation has derived benefits from the recent development of deep learning technology. However, deep learning itself requires a large amount of training data and the medical image…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-07-08 Sungrae Hong , Sol Lee , Mun Yong Yi

Graph neural networks have emerged as a promising paradigm for image processing, yet their performance in image classification tasks is hindered by a limited consideration of the underlying structure and relationships among visual entities.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-10-28 Usama Zidan , Mohamed Gaber , Mohammed M. Abdelsamea

Computer-Aided Diagnosis and Treatment of Tumors is a hot topic of deep learning in recent years, which constitutes a series of medical tasks, such as detection of tumor markers, the outline of tumor leisures, subtypes and stages of tumors,…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2020-11-03 Dan Zhao , Guizhi Xu , Zhenghua XU , Thomas Lukasiewicz , Minmin Xue , Zhigang Fu

Abundant accumulation of digital histopathological images has led to the increased demand for their analysis, such as computer-aided diagnosis using machine learning techniques. However, digital pathological images and related tasks have…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2018-02-23 Daisuke Komura , Shumpei Ishikawa