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Real-world datasets often exhibit long-tailed distributions, where a few dominant "Head" classes have abundant samples while most "Tail" classes are severely underrepresented, leading to biased learning and poor generalization for the Tail.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-02 Mahdiyar Molahasani , Michael Greenspan , Ali Etemad

This article introduces a non-parametric information-theoretic approach to inference about the tail of a continuous or a discrete distribution. Leveraging a new concept named tail profile -- a set of information-theoretic quantities…

应用统计 · 统计学 2025-03-19 Jialin Zhang , Zhiyi Zhang

Conventional knowledge distillation, designed for model compression, fails on long-tailed distributions because the teacher model tends to be biased toward head classes and provides limited supervision for tail classes. We propose…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-02 Seonghak Kim

Deep neural networks may perform poorly when training datasets are heavily class-imbalanced. Recently, two-stage methods decouple representation learning and classifier learning to improve performance. But there is still the vital issue of…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-04-02 Zhisheng Zhong , Jiequan Cui , Shu Liu , Jiaya Jia

Real-world data often exhibits a long-tailed distribution, in which head classes occupy most of the data, while tail classes only have very few samples. Models trained on long-tailed datasets have poor adaptability to tail classes and the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-09-29 Qiong Chen , Tianlin Huang , Geren Zhu , Enlu Lin

In language reasoning, longer chains of thought consistently yield better performance, which naturally suggests that visual latent reasoning may likewise benefit from longer latent sequences. However, we discover a counterintuitive…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-14 Chenfeng Wang , Wei He , Xuhan Zhu , Chunpeng Zhou , Qizhen Li , Song Yan , Yufei Zheng , Chengjun Yu , Fan Lu , Wei Zhai , Yang Cao , Pengfei Yu , Zheng-Jun Zha

In vision domain, large-scale natural datasets typically exhibit long-tailed distribution which has large class imbalance between head and tail classes. This distribution poses difficulty in learning good representations for tail classes.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-05-05 Anthony Meng Huat Tiong , Junnan Li , Guosheng Lin , Boyang Li , Caiming Xiong , Steven C. H. Hoi

The dominant approaches to text representation in natural language rely on learning embeddings on massive corpora which have convenient properties such as compositionality and distance preservation. In this paper, we develop a novel method…

This paper addresses the problem of Generalized Category Discovery (GCD) under a long-tailed distribution, which involves discovering novel categories in an unlabelled dataset using knowledge from a set of labelled categories. Existing…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-06-23 Bingchen Zhao , Kai Han

Long-tailed datasets are very frequently encountered in real-world use cases where few classes or categories (known as majority or head classes) have higher number of data samples compared to the other classes (known as minority or tail…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-08-23 Saptarshi Sinha , Hiroki Ohashi , Katsuyuki Nakamura

The imbalanced distribution of long-tailed data presents a considerable challenge for deep learning models, as it causes them to prioritize the accurate classification of head classes but largely disregard tail classes. The biased decision…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-06-06 Mengke Li , Zhikai Hu , Yang Lu , Weichao Lan , Yiu-ming Cheung , Hui Huang

Most existing methods that cope with noisy labels usually assume that the class distributions are well balanced, which has insufficient capacity to deal with the practical scenarios where training samples have imbalanced distributions. To…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-09-27 Chaowei Fang , Lechao Cheng , Huiyan Qi , Dingwen Zhang

Real-world data often follow a long-tailed distribution with a high imbalance in the number of samples between classes. The problem with training from imbalanced data is that some background features, common to all classes, can be…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-06-05 Sanglee Park , Seung-won Hwang , Jungmin So

The long-tailed image classification task remains important in the development of deep neural networks as it explicitly deals with large imbalances in the class frequencies of the training data. While uncommon in engineered datasets, this…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-07-12 Marc-Antoine Lavoie , Steven Waslander

Long-tailed class imbalance remains a fundamental obstacle in semantic segmentation of high-resolution remote-sensing imagery, where dominant classes shape learned representations and rare classes are systematically under-segmented. This…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-28 Buddhi Wijenayake , Nichula Wasalathilake , Roshan Godaliyadda , Vijitha Herath , Parakrama Ekanayake , Vishal M. Patel

Class imbalance has been extensively studied in single-view scenarios; however, addressing this challenge in multi-view contexts remains an open problem, with even scarcer research focusing on trustworthy solutions. In this paper, we tackle…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-13 Chuanqing Tang , Yifei Shi , Guanghao Lin , Lei Xing , Long Shi

In the real-world setting, data often follows a long-tailed distribution, where head classes contain significantly more training samples than tail classes. Consequently, models trained on such data tend to be biased toward head classes. The…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-03-15 Fan Zhang , Wei Qin , Weijieying Ren , Lei Wang , Zetong Chen , Richang Hong

This paper proposes a new pipeline for long-tail (LT) recognition. Instead of re-weighting or re-sampling, we utilize the long-tailed dataset itself to generate a balanced proxy that can be optimized through cross-entropy (CE).…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-03-11 Jie Shao , Ke Zhu , Hanxiao Zhang , Jianxin Wu

Long-tailed distributions in class-imbalanced data present a fundamental challenge for deep learning models, which tend to be biased toward majority classes. While recent methods for long-tailed recognition have mitigated this issue, they…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Heegeon Yoon , Heeyoung Kim

Diffusion models have achieved impressive performance in generating high-quality and diverse synthetic data. However, their success typically assumes a class-balanced training distribution. In real-world settings, multi-class data often…