相关论文: Unit conversions and collected numbers in cosmolog…

Learning to use math in science is a non-trivial task. It involves many different skills (not usually taught in a math class) that help blend physical knowledge with mathematical symbology. One of these is the idea of quantification: that…

An overview is provided of the singularity theorems in cosmological contexts at a level suitable for advanced graduate students. The necessary background from tensor and causal geometry to understand the theorems is supplied, the…

Cosmology is very exciting for three reasons. There is a very successful standard model - the hot big bang - which describes the evolution of the Universe from 10^{-2} sec onward. There are bold ideas, foremost among them are inflation and…

As a note for paper [physics/0505035], this is to make it more clear how we can depend upon Einstein's theory of gravitation and two assumptions of the cosmological principle and perfect fluid, in the so-called Z-approximation, to construct…

The specialised uses of solid angles mean that they are quite unfamiliar quantities. This article, apart from making solid angles a little more familiar, brings out several topics of general interest, such as how units are interrelated and…

Formulae for the line-of-sight and transverse comoving distances, proper motion distance, angular diameter distance, luminosity distance, k-correction, distance modulus, comoving volume, lookback time, age, and object intersection…

In this paper one examine analytical solutions for flat and non-flat universes composed by four components namely hot matter (ultra-relativistic), warm matter (relativistic), cold matter (non-relativistic) and cosmological constant. The…

Quantum cosmology is the quantum theory of the entire universe. Although strange at first sight, it is appropriate because (1) our world appears to be fundamentally quantum, (2) the classical description of gravity breaks down at…

For a few years now, cosmology has a standard model. By this term, we mean a consistent theoretical background which is at the same time simple and broad enough to offer coherent explanations for the vast majority of cosmological phenomena.…

We review an information-theoretic approach to quantum cosmology, summarising the key results obtained to date, including a suggestion that an accelerating universe will eventually turn around.

We explore the introduction of the cosmological constant via equivalent transformations in cosmology. We consider the Wheeler-DeWitt equation for the CDM universe and we construct the Hamilton-Jacobi action for the $\Lambda$CDM model. We…

The advent of large data-set in cosmology has meant that in the past 10 or 20 years our knowledge and understanding of the Universe has changed not only quantitatively but also, and most importantly, qualitatively. Cosmologists rely on data…

I review the motivation for the early-time cosmic acceleration stage in expanding universe and discuss simple inflationary scenarios. Preheating and reheating are considered in great detail. This is a sample chapter from my book "Physical…

After a brief introduction to classical and quantum gravity we discuss applications of loop quantum gravity in the cosmological realm. This includes the basic formalism and recent results of loop quantum cosmology, and a computation of…

This is an informal introduction to the ideas of decoherence and emergent classicality, including a simple account of the decoherent histories approach to quantum theory. It is aimed at undergraduates with a basic appreciation of quantum…

We study the Newtonian cosmology taking into account the leading classical and quantum corrections of order $\mathcal{O}(G^{2})$ in the Newtonian potential. We first derive the modified Friedmann equations starting from the non-relativistic…

This chapter provides an introduction to Unimodular Gravity both at the classical and quantum level, discussing the r\^ole it might play in the partial solution of the Cosmological Constant problem. The main objective of this work is to…

Understanding of the structure evolution in the Universe has been greatly advanced with a rapid progress in high-resolution cosmological simulations. In this contribution, we report a new set of cosmological simulations with $512^3$ ($\sim…

The early universe according to the big bang and the grand unified theories is discussed. The shortcomings of big bang are summarized together with their resolution by inflationary cosmology. Inflation, the subsequent oscillation and decay…

While purely philosophical in the early times, and still very speculative at the beginning of the twentieth century, Cosmology has gradually entered into the realm of experimental science over the past eighty years. It has raised some…