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The Energy Spectrum of TeV Gamma-Rays from the Crab Nebula as measured by the HEGRA system of imaging air Cherenkov telescopes

The Crab Nebula has been observed by the HEGRA (High-Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy) stereoscopic system of imaging air Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) for a total of about 200 hrs during two observational campaigns: from September 1997 to March…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-10-31 F. Aharonian , The HEGRA Collaboration

Observation and Spectral Measurements of the Crab Nebula with Milagro

The Crab Nebula was detected with the Milagro experiment at a statistical significance of 17 standard deviations over the lifetime of the experiment. The experiment was sensitive to approximately 100 GeV - 100 TeV gamma ray air showers by…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2015-05-30 A. A. Abdo , B. T. Allen , T. Aune , W. Benbow , D. Berley , C. Chen , G. E. Christopher , T. DeYoung , B. L. Dingus , R. W. Ellsworth , A. Falcone , L. Fleysher , R. Fleysher , M. M. Gonzalez , J. A. Goodman , J. B. Gordo , E. Hays , C. M. Hoffman , P. H. Huentemeyer , B. E. Kolterman , J. T. Linnemann , J. E. McEnery , T. Morgan , A. I. Mincer , P. Nemethy , J. Pretz , J. M. Ryan , P. M. Saz Parkinson , A. Shoup , G. Sinnis , A. J. Smith , V. Vasileiou , G. P. Walker , D. A. Williams , and G. B. Yodh

When A Standard Candle Flickers

The Crab Nebula is the only hard X-ray source in the sky that is both bright enough and steady enough to be easily used as a standard candle. As a result, it has been used as a normalization standard by most X-ray/gamma ray telescopes.…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2011-02-04 Colleen A. Wilson-Hodge , Michael L. Cherry , Wayne H. Baumgartner , Elif Beklen , P. Narayana Bhat , Michael S. Briggs , Ascension Camero-Arranz , Gary L. Case , Vandiver Chaplin , Valerie Connaughton , Mark H. Finger , Neil Gehrels , Jochen Greiner , Keith Jahoda , Peter Jenke , R. Marc Kippen , Chryssa Kouveliotou , Hans A. Krimm , Erik Kuulkers , Charles A. Meegan , Lorenzo Natalucci , William S. Paciesas , Robert Preece , James C. Rodi , Nikolai Shaposhnikov , Gerald K. Skinner , Doug Swartz , Andreas von Kienlin , Roland Diehl , Xiao-Ling Zhang

INTEGRAL Cross-calibration Status: Crab observations between 3 keV and 1 MeV

We present results of Crab observations by the INTEGRAL instruments. A simultaneous fit allows us to demonstrate that INTEGRAL provides reliable spectra over its wide energy range.

天体物理学 · 物理学 2010-04-30 E. Jourdain , D. Gotz , N. J. Westergaard , L. Natalucci , J. P. Roques

Using the photons from the Crab Nebula seen by GLAST to calibrate MAGIC and the Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescopes

In this article we discuss the possibility of using the observations by GLAST of standard gamma sources, as the Crab Nebula, to calibrate Imaging Air Cherenkov detectors, MAGIC in particular, and optimise their energy resolution. We show…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-11 D. Bastieri , C. Bigongiari , E. Bisesi , G. Busetto , A. De Angelis , B. De Lotto , T. Lenisa , F. Longo , M. Mariotti , A. Moralejo , D. Pascoli , L. Peruzzo , S. Raducci , R. Rando , A. Saggion , P. Sartori , V. Scalzotto

Measurement of the Crab nebula polarization at 90 GHz as a calibrator for CMB experiments

CMB experiments aiming at a precise measurement of the CMB polarization, such as the Planck satellite, need a strong polarized absolute calibrator on the sky to accurately set the detectors polarization angle and the cross-polarization…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2016-06-08 J. Aumont , L. Conversi , C. Thum , H. Wiesemeyer , E. Falgarone , J. F. Macias-Perez , F. Piacentini , E. Pointecouteau , N. Ponthieu , J. L. Puget , C. Rosset , J. A. Tauber , M. Tristram

The XMM-Newton view of the Crab

We discuss the current X-ray view of the Crab Nebula and Pulsar, summarising our analysis of observations of the source with the EPIC-pn camera on board the XMM-Newton observatory. Different modes of EPIC-pn were combined in order to yield…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-11 M. G. F. Kirsch , G. Schoenherr , E. Kendziorra , M. J. Freyberg , M. Martin , J. Wilms , K. Mukerjee , M. G. Breitfellner , M. J. S. Smith , R. Staubert

The Crab Nebula and Pulsar between 500 GeV and 80 TeV: Observations with the HEGRA stereoscopic air Cherenkov telescopes

The Crab supernova remnant has been observed regularly with the stereoscopic system of 5 imaging air Cherenkov telescopes that was part of the High Energy Gamma Ray Astronomy (HEGRA) experiment. In total, close to 400 hours of useful data…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2010-01-28 F. Aharonian et al.

A recent change in the optical and {\gamma}-ray polarization of the Crab nebula and pulsar

We report on observations of the polarization of optical and {\gamma}-ray photons from the Crab nebula and pulsar system using the Galway Astronomical Stokes Polarimeter (GASP), the Hubble Space Telescope/Advanced Camera for Surveys…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2016-01-27 Paul Moran , Gillian Kyne , Christian Gouiffes , 3 , Philipe Laurent , Gregg Hallinan , Michael Redfern , Andrew Shearer

Summary of the 12th IACHEC Meeting

We summarize the outcome of the 12th meeting of the International Astronomical Consortium for High Energy Calibration (IACHEC), held at the UCLA conference center in Lake Arrowhead (California) in March 2017. 56 scientists directly involved…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2017-08-07 K. Forster , C. E. Grant , M. Guainazzi , V. Kashyap , H. L. Marshall , E. D. Miller , L. Natalucci , J. Nevalainen , P. P. Plucinsky , Y. Terada

Observations of the Crab Nebula and its pulsar in the far-ultraviolet and in the optical

We present HST/STIS far-UV observations of the Crab nebula and its pulsar. Broad, blueshifted absorption arising in the nebula is seen in C IV 1550, reaching about 2500 km/s. This can be interpreted as evidence for a fast outer shell, and…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-10-31 Jesper Sollerman , Peter Lundqvist , Don Lindler , Roger A. Chevalier , Claes Fransson , Theodore R. Gull , Chun S. J. Pun , George Sonneborn

Measurement of the Crab Nebula Spectrum Past 100 TeV with HAWC

We present TeV gamma-ray observations of the Crab Nebula, the standard reference source in ground-based gamma-ray astronomy, using data from the High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Gamma-Ray Observatory. In this analysis we use two…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2019-09-18 HAWC Collaboration , A. U. Abeysekara , A. Albert , R. Alfaro , C. Alvarez , J. D. Álvarez , J. R. Angeles Camacho , R. Acero , J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez , K. P. Arunbabu , D. Avila Rojas , H. A. Ayala Solares , V. Baghmanyan , E. Belmont-Moreno , S. Y. BenZvi , C. Brisbois , K. S. Cabellero-Mora , T. Capistrán , A. Carramiñana , S. Casanova , U. Cotti , J. Cotzomi , S. Coutiño de León , E. De la Fuente , C. de León , S. Dichiara , B. L. Dingus , M. A. DuVernois , J. C. Díaz-Vélez , R. W. Ellsworth , K. Engel , C. Espinoza , B. Fick , H. Fleischhack , N. Fraija , A. Galván-Gámez , J. A. García-González , F. Garfias , M. M. González , J. A. Goodman , J. P. Harding , S. Hernandez , J. Hinton , B. Hona , F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla , C. M. Hui , P. Hüntemeyer , A. Iriarte , A. Jardin-Blicq , V. Joshi , S. Kaufmann , D. Kieda , A. Lara , W. H. Lee , H. León Vargas , J. T. Linnemann , A. L. Longinotti , G. Luis-Raya , J. Lundeen , K. Malone , S. S. Marinelli , O. Martinez , I. Martinez-Castellanos , J. Martínez-Castro , H. Martínez-Huerta , J. A. Matthews , P. Miranda-Romagnoli , J. A. Morales-Soto , E. Moreno , M. Mostafá , A. Nayerhoda , L. Nellen , M. Newbold , M. U. Nisa , R. Noriega-Papaqui , A. Peisker , E. G. Pérez-Pérez , J. Pretz , Z. Ren , C. D. Rho , C. Rivière , D. Rosa-González , M. Rosenberg , E. Ruiz-Velasco , H. Salazar , F. Salesa Greus , A. Sandoval , M. Schneider , H. Schoorlemmer , M. Seglar Arroyo , G. Sinnis , A. J. Smith , R. W. Springer , P. Surajbali , E. Tabachnick , M. Tanner , O. Tibolla , K. Tollefson , I. Torres , T. Weisgarber , S. Westerhoff , J. Wood , T. Yapici , A. Zepeda , H. Zhou

The Radio - 2 mm Spectral Index of the Crab Nebula Measured with GISMO

We present results of 2 mm observations of the Crab Nebula, obtained using the Goddard-IRAM Superconducting 2 Millimeter Observer (GISMO) bolometer camera on the IRAM 30 m telescope. Additional 3.3 mm observations with the MUSTANG bolometer…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-27 R. G. Arendt , J. V. George , J. G. Staguhn , D. J. Benford , M. J. Devlin , S. R. Dicker , D. J. Fixsen , K. D. Irwin , C. A. Jhabvala , P. M. Korngut , A. Kovács , S. F. Maher , B. S. Mason , T. M. Miller , S. H. Moseley , S. Navarro , A. Sievers , J. L. Sievers , E. Sharp , E. J. Wollack

The dust content of the Crab Nebula

We have modelled the near-infrared to radio images of the Crab Nebula with a Bayesian SED model to simultaneously fit its synchrotron, interstellar and supernova dust emission. We infer an interstellar dust extinction map with an average…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2019-06-12 I. De Looze , M. J. Barlow , R. Bandiera , A. Bevan , M. F. Bietenholz , H. Chawner , H. L. Gomez , M. Matsuura , F. Priestley , R. Wesson

Investigating the Anti-Correlation between Photon Index and Flux of the Crab using RXTE and NuSTAR

We present a systematic study of the recently reported anti-correlation between X-ray flux and photon index ($\Gamma$) in the Crab Nebula, using archival RXTE/PCA (3 - 50 keV), RXTE/HEXTE (20 - 100 keV), and NuSTAR (3 - 78 keV)…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2025-06-24 Debjit Chatterjee , Hsiang-Kuang Chang , Dipak Debnath , Koothodil Abhijith Augustine , Tzu-Hsuan Lin

Detection of Gamma Rays of Up to 50 TeV From the Crab Nebula

Gamma rays with energies greater than 7 TeV from the Crab pulsar/nebula have been observed at large zenith angles, using the Imaging Atmospheric Technique from Woomera, South Australia. CANGAROO data taken in 1992, 1993 and 1995 indicate…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2010-11-24 T. Tanimori , K. Sakurazawa , S. A. Dazeley , P. G. Edwards , T. Hara , Y. Hayami , S. Kamei , R. Kita , T. Kifune , T. Konishi , A. Masaike , Y. Matsubara , Y. Mizumoto , M. Mori , H. Muraishi , Y. Muraki , T. Naito , K. Nishijima , S. Ogio , J. R. Patterson , M. D. Roberts , G. P. Rowell , T. Sako , R. Susukita , A. Suzuki , R. Suzuki , T. Tamura , G. J. Thornton , S. Yanagita , T. Yoshida , T. Yoshikoshi

Fermi Large Area Telescope Observations of the Crab Pulsar and Nebula

We report on gamma-ray observations of the Crab Pulsar and Nebula using 8 months of survey data with the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT). The high quality light curve obtained using the ephemeris provided by the Nancay and Jodrell Bank…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2012-08-27 The Fermi LAT collaboration , the Fermi Pulsar Timing Consortium , : , A. A. Abdo

The observation of the Crab Nebula with LHAASO-KM2A for the performance study

As a sub-array of the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO), KM2A is mainly designed to cover a large fraction of the northern sky to hunt for gamma-ray sources at energies above 10 TeV. Even though the detector construction…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2021-02-09 F. Aharonian , Q. An , Axikegu , L. X. Bai , Y. X. Bai , Y. W. Bao , D. Bastieri , X. J. Bi , Y. J. Bi , H. Cai , J. T. Cai , Z. Cao , Z. Cao , J. Chang , J. F. Chang , X. C. Chang , B. M. Chen , J. Chen , L. Chen , L. Chen , L. Chen , M. J. Chen , M. L. Chen , Q. H. Chen , S. H. Chen , S. Z. Chen , T. L. Chen , X. L. Chen , Y. Chen , N. Cheng , Y. D. Cheng , S. W. Cui , X. H. Cui , Y. D. Cui , B. Z. Dai , H. L. Dai , Z. G. Dai , Danzengluobu , D. della Volpe , B. D'Ettorre Piazzoli , X. J. Dong , J. H. Fan , Y. Z. Fan , Z. X. Fan , J. Fang , K. Fang , C. F. Feng , L. Feng , S. H. Feng , Y. L. Feng , B. Gao , C. D. Gao , Q. Gao , W. Gao , M. M. Ge , L. S. Geng , G. H. Gong , Q. B. Gou , M. H. Gu , J. G. Guo , X. L. Guo , Y. Q. Guo , Y. Y. Guo , Y. A. Han , H. H. He , H. N. He , J. C. He , S. L. He , X. B. He , Y. He , M. Heller , Y. K. Hor , C. Hou , X. Hou , H. B. Hu , S. Hu , S. C. Hu , X. J. Hu , D. H. Huang , Q. L. Huang , W. H. Huang , X. T. Huang , Z. C. Huang , F. Ji , X. L. Ji , H. Y. Jia , K. Jiang , Z. J. Jiang , C. Jin , D. Kuleshov , K. Levochkin , B. B. Li , C. Li , C. Li , F. Li , H. B. Li , H. C. Li , H. Y. Li , J. Li , K. Li , W. L. Li , X. Li , X. Li , X. R. Li , Y. Li , Y. Z. Li , Z. Li , Z. Li , E. W. Liang , Y. F. Liang , S. J. Lin , B. Liu , C. Liu , D. Liu , H. Liu , H. D. Liu , J. Liu , J. L. Liu , J. S. Liu , J. Y. Liu , M. Y. Liu , R. Y. Liu , S. M. Liu , W. Liu , Y. N. Liu , Z. X. Liu , W. J. Long , R. Lu , H. K. Lv , B. Q. Ma , L. L. Ma , X. H. Ma , J. R. Mao , A. Masood , W. Mitthumsiri , T. Montaruli , Y. C. Nan , B. Y. Pang , P. Pattarakijwanich , Z. Y. Pei , M. Y. Qi , D. Ruffolo , V. Rulev , A. Sáiz , L. Shao , O. Shchegolev , X. D. Sheng , J. R. Shi , H. C. Song , Yu. V. Stenkin , V. Stepanov , Q. N. Sun , X. N. Sun , Z. B. Sun , P. H. T. Tam , Z. B. Tang , W. W. Tian , B. D. Wang , C. Wang , H. Wang , H. G. Wang , J. C. Wang , J. S. Wang , L. P. Wang , L. Y. Wang , R. N. Wang , W. Wang , W. Wang , X. G. Wang , X. J. Wang , X. Y. Wang , Y. D. Wang , Y. J. Wang , Y. P. Wang , Z. Wang , Z. Wang , Z. H. Wang , Z. X. Wang , D. M. Wei , J. J. Wei , Y. J. Wei , T. Wen , C. Y. Wu , H. R. Wu , S. Wu , W. X. Wu , X. F. Wu , S. Q. Xi , J. Xia , J. J. Xia , G. M. Xiang , G. Xiao , H. B. Xiao , G. G. Xin , Y. L. Xin , Y. Xing , D. L. Xu , R. X. Xu , L. Xue , D. H. Yan , C. W. Yang , F. F. Yang , J. Y. Yang , L. L. Yang , M. J. Yang , R. Z. Yang , S. B. Yang , Y. H. Yao , Z. G. Yao , Y. M. Ye , L. Q. Yin , N. Yin , X. H. You , Z. Y. You , Y. H. Yu , Q. Yuan , H. D. Zeng , T. X. Zeng , W. Zeng , Z. K. Zeng , M. Zha , X. X. Zhai , B. B. Zhang , H. M. Zhang , H. Y. Zhang , J. L. Zhang , J. W. Zhang , L. Zhang , L. Zhang , L. X. Zhang , P. F. Zhang , P. P. Zhang , R. Zhang , S. R. Zhang , S. S. Zhang , X. Zhang , X. P. Zhang , Y. Zhang , Y. Zhang , Y. F. Zhang , Y. L. Zhang , B. Zhao , J. Zhao , L. Zhao , L. Z. Zhao , S. P. Zhao , F. Zheng , Y. Zheng , B. Zhou , H. Zhou , J. N. Zhou , P. Zhou , R. Zhou , X. X. Zhou , C. G. Zhu , F. R. Zhu , H. Zhu , K. J. Zhu , X. Zuo

Very High Energy Gamma Ray Emission from Crab Nebula with the PACT Array

The Crab nebula has proved to be the nearest to a standard candle in VHE $\gamma-$ ray astronomy. Results on the gamma ray emission from the nebula at various energies have come in the last decade mostly from imaging telescopes. The aim of…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 P. R. Vishwanath , B. S. Acharya , P. N. Bhat , V. R. Chitnis , P. Majumdar , M. A. Rahman , B. B. Singh

5 years of survey on the Crab Nebula with SPI/INTEGRAL

We present observations of the Crab Nebula above 20 keV by the SPI/INTEGRAL telescope during more than 5 years of operations. Our study demonstrates the stability of the instrument with time and allows a detailed analysis of the emission…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2008-09-30 E. Jourdain , J. P. Roques