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The Parker Solar Probe (PSP) mission has revealed frequent occurrences of switchbacks (SBs) and small-scale magnetic flux ropes (SMFRs) as prominent structures within the solar wind. These mesoscale features are observed across all…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-07-02 Kyung-Eun Choi , Oleksiy V. Agapitov , Dae-Young Lee , Forrest Mozer , Jia Huang , Lucas Colomban , Jaye L. Verniero , Nour Raouafi

The structure of magnetic flux ropes injected into the solar wind during reconnection in the coronal atmosphere is explored with particle-in-cell simulations and compared with in situ measurements of magnetic "switchbacks" from the Parker…

Switchbacks are Aflv\'enic fluctuations in the solar wind, which exhibit large rotations in the magnetic field direction. Observations from Parker Solar Probe's (PSP's) first two solar encounters have formed the basis for many of the…

空间物理 · 物理学 2022-09-14 R. Laker , T. S. Horbury , L. Matteini , S. D. Bale , J. E. Stawarz , L. D. Woodham , T. Woolley

Parker Solar Probe's first encounters with the Sun revealed the presence of ubiquitous localised magnetic deflections in the inner heliosphere; these structures, often called switchbacks, are particularly striking in solar wind streams…

Parker Solar Probe (PSP) observations during its first encounter at 35.7 $R_\odot$ have shown the presence of magnetic field lines which are strongly perturbed to the point that they produce local inversions of the radial magnetic field,…

Parker Solar Probe (PSP) routinely observes magnetic field deflections in the solar wind at distances less than 0.3 au from the Sun. These deflections are related to structures commonly called 'switchbacks' (SBs), whose origins and…

Small-scale magnetic flux ropes (SFRs) are a type of structures in the solar wind that possess helical magnetic field lines. In a recent report (Chen & Hu 2020), we presented the radial variations of the properties of SFR from 0.29 to 8 au…

Switchbacks -- abrupt reversals of the magnetic field within the solar wind -- have been ubiquitously observed by Parker Solar Probe (PSP). Their origin, whether from processes near the solar surface or within the solar wind itself, remains…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-12-14 Zade Johnston , Jonathan Squire , Alfred Mallet , Romain Meyrand

The S-shaped magnetic structure in the solar wind formed by the twisting of magnetic field lines is called a switchback, whose main characteristics are the reversal of the magnetic field and the significant increase in the solar wind radial…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-01-21 Mingming Meng , Ying D. Liu , Chong Chen , Rui Wang

We investigate the generation and evolution of switchbacks (SBs), the nature of the sub-Alfv\'enic wind observed by Parker Solar Probe (PSP), and the morphology of the Alfv\'enic transition, all of which are key issues in solar wind…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-02-22 Ying D. Liu , Hao Ran , Huidong Hu , Stuart D. Bale

We investigate the orientation of the magnetic field deflections in switchbacks (SB) to determine if they are characterised by a possible preferential orientation. We compute the deflection angles of the magnetic field relative to the…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-07-20 Naïs Fargette , Benoit Lavraud , Alexis P. Rouillard , Victor Réville , Stuart D. Bale , Justin Kasper

Magnetic switchbacks are large amplitude deflections of the magnetic field within the solar wind. They are Alfv\'enic in character and so are associated with a spike in velocity and a generally small variation in local plasma density. Early…

In-situ measurements by several spacecraft have revealed that the solar wind is frequently perturbed by transient structures (magnetic folds, jets, waves, flux-ropes) that propagate rapidly away from the Sun over large distances. Parker…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-09-15 R. F. Pinto , N. Poirier , A. P. Rouillard , A. Kouloumvakos , L. Griton , N. Fargette , R. Kieokaew , B. Lavraud , A. S. Brun

Magnetic switchbacks are fluctuations in the solar wind in which the interplanetary magnetic field sharply deflects away from its background direction so as to create folds in magnetic field lines while remaining of roughly constant…

Magnetic switchbacks are rapid high amplitude reversals of the radial magnetic field in the solar wind that do not involve a heliospheric current sheet crossing. First seen sporadically in the seventies in Mariner and Helios data,…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-01-09 Gabor Toth , Marco Velli , Bart van der Holst

Magnetic flux rope, formed by the helical magnetic field lines, can sometimes remain its shape while carrying significant plasma flow that is aligned with the local magnetic field. We report the existence of such structures and static flux…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-06-30 Yu Chen , Qiang Hu , Lingling Zhao , Justin C. Kasper , Jia Huang

Switchbacks (SBs) are localized structures in the solar wind containing deflections of the magnetic field direction relative to the background solar wind magnetic field. The amplitudes of the magnetic field deflection angles for different…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-12-05 O. V. Agapitov , J. F. Drake , M. Swisdak , K. -E. Choi , N. Raouafi

Context. Large-amplitude inversions of the solar wind's interplanetary magnetic field have long been documented; however, observations from the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) mission have renewed interest in this phenomenon as such features,…

Switchbacks are rapid magnetic field reversals that last from seconds to hours. Current Parker Solar Probe (PSP) observations pose many open questions in regard to the nature of switchbacks. For example, are they stable as they propagate…

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