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We consider the problem of pretraining a two-stage open-domain question answering (QA) system (retriever + reader) with strong transfer capabilities. The key challenge is how to construct a large amount of high-quality…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-03-23 Xiang Yue , Xiaoman Pan , Wenlin Yao , Dian Yu , Dong Yu , Jianshu Chen

Search engines often follow a pipeline architecture, where complex but effective reranking components are used to refine the results of an initial retrieval. Retrieval augmented generation (RAG) is an exciting application of the pipeline…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-06-13 Craig Macdonald , Jinyuan Fang , Andrew Parry , Zaiqiao Meng

While large language models (LLMs) demonstrate impressive capabilities, their reliance on parametric knowledge often leads to factual inaccuracies. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) mitigates this by leveraging external documents, yet…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-07 Lingnan Xu , Chong Feng , Kaiyuan Zhang , Liu Zhengyong , Wenqiang Xu , Fanqing Meng

Retrieval-Augmented Generation RAG systems enhance large language models by grounding responses in external knowledge bases, but conventional RAG architectures operate with static corpora that cannot evolve from user interactions. We…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-12-30 Teja Chinthala

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has emerged as a promising paradigm for improving factual accuracy in large language models (LLMs). We introduce a benchmark designed to evaluate RAG pipelines as a whole, evaluating a pipeline's ability…

Open-domain human-computer conversation has attracted much attention in the field of NLP. Contrary to rule- or template-based domain-specific dialog systems, open-domain conversation usually requires data-driven approaches, which can be…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2016-10-25 Yiping Song , Rui Yan , Xiang Li , Dongyan Zhao , Ming Zhang

Multi-answer question answering (QA), where questions can have many valid answers, presents a significant challenge for existing retrieval-augmented generation-based QA systems, as these systems struggle to retrieve and then synthesize a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-03 Bingsen Chen , Shengjie Wang , Xi Ye , Chen Zhao

In today's digital world, seeking answers to health questions on the Internet is a common practice. However, existing question answering (QA) systems often rely on using pre-selected and annotated evidence documents, thus making them…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-15 Juraj Vladika , Florian Matthes

While sophisticated neural-based techniques have been developed in reading comprehension, most approaches model the answer in an independent manner, ignoring its relations with other answer candidates. This problem can be even worse in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2018-05-17 Zhen Wang , Jiachen Liu , Xinyan Xiao , Yajuan Lyu , Tian Wu

The growing demand for corporate sustainability transparency, particularly under new regulations like the EU Taxonomy, necessitates precise data extraction from large, unstructured corporate reports, a task for which Large Language Models…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-10-10 Mohammed Ali , Abdelrahman Abdallah , Adam Jatowt

In Table-to-Text (T2T) generation, existing approaches predominantly focus on providing objective descriptions of tabular data. However, generating text that incorporates subjectivity, where subjectivity refers to interpretations beyond raw…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-29 Ronak Upasham , Tathagata Dey , Pushpak Bhattacharyya

Most existing end-to-end Table Question Answering (Table QA) models consist of a two-stage framework with a retriever to select relevant table candidates from a corpus and a reader to locate the correct answers from table candidates. Even…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-04-01 Feifei Pan , Mustafa Canim , Michael Glass , Alfio Gliozzo , James Hendler

Query expansion with large language models is promising but often relies on hand-crafted prompts, manually chosen exemplars, or a single LLM, making it non-scalable and sensitive to domain shift. We present an automated, domain-adaptive QE…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-03-16 Minghan Li , Ercong Nie , Siqi Zhao , Tongna Chen , Huiping Huang , Guodong Zhou

Multi-LLM revision pipelines, in which a second model reviews and improves a draft produced by a first, are widely assumed to derive their gains from genuine error correction. We question this assumption with a controlled decomposition…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-04-02 Jingjie Ning , Xueqi Li , Chengyu Yu

Closed-book question answering (QA) requires a model to directly answer an open-domain question without access to any external knowledge. Prior work on closed-book QA either directly finetunes or prompts a pretrained language model (LM) to…

PDFs are the second-most used document type on the internet (after HTML). Yet, existing QA datasets commonly start from text sources or only address specific domains. In this paper, we present pdfQA, a multi-domain 2K human-annotated…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-07 Tobias Schimanski , Imene Kolli , Yu Fan , Ario Saeid Vaghefi , Jingwei Ni , Elliott Ash , Markus Leippold

Clinical information extraction (e.g., 2010 i2b2/VA challenge) usually presents tasks of concept recognition, assertion classification, and relation extraction. Jointly modeling the multi-stage tasks in the clinical domain is an…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-10 Fei Cheng , Ribeka Tanaka , Sadao Kurohashi

The retriever-reader framework is popular for open-domain question answering (ODQA) due to its ability to use explicit knowledge. Although prior work has sought to increase the knowledge coverage by incorporating structured knowledge beyond…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-03-22 Kaixin Ma , Hao Cheng , Xiaodong Liu , Eric Nyberg , Jianfeng Gao

We implement a method for re-ranking top-10 results of a state-of-the-art question answering (QA) system. The goal of our re-ranking approach is to improve the answer selection given the user question and the top-10 candidates. We focus on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-06-17 Michael Barz , Daniel Sonntag

Protein-Text Question Answering (QA) is crucial for interpreting biological sequences through natural language. The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) with Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) that efficiently leverages biological…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Li Ding , Duanyu Feng , Chen Huang , Yangshuai Wang , Yang Li , Wenqiang Lei , See-Kiong Ng