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Effective representation learning from text has been an active area of research in the fields of NLP and text mining. Attention mechanisms have been at the forefront in order to learn contextual sentence representations. Current…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-08-11 Sneha Mehta , Huzefa Rangwala , Naren Ramakrishnan

This document provides a brief introduction to the attention mechanism used in modern language models based on the Transformer architecture. We first illustrate how text is encoded as vectors and how the attention mechanism processes these…

数值分析 · 数学 2026-04-02 Michel Fabrice Serret

While CNNs were long considered state of the art for image processing, the introduction of Transformer architectures has challenged this position. While achieving excellent results in image classification and segmentation, Transformers…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-03-25 DeShin Hwa , Tobias Holmes , Klaus Drechsler

Since Transformer has found widespread use in NLP, the potential of Transformer in CV has been realized and has inspired many new approaches. However, the computation required for replacing word tokens with image patches for Transformer…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-06-11 Hezheng Lin , Xing Cheng , Xiangyu Wu , Fan Yang , Dong Shen , Zhongyuan Wang , Qing Song , Wei Yuan

We present dual-attention neural biasing, an architecture designed to boost Wake Words (WW) recognition and improve inference time latency on speech recognition tasks. This architecture enables a dynamic switch for its runtime compute paths…

A few models have tried to tackle the link prediction problem, also known as knowledge graph completion, by embedding knowledge graphs in comparably lower dimensions. However, the state-of-the-art results are attained at the cost of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-11-29 Peyman Baghershahi , Reshad Hosseini , Hadi Moradi

The keyword spotting (KWS) problem requires large amounts of real speech training data to achieve high accuracy across diverse populations. Utilizing large amounts of text-to-speech (TTS) synthesized data can reduce the cost and time…

The state of the art in learning meaningful semantic representations of words is the Transformer model and its attention mechanisms. Simply put, the attention mechanisms learn to attend to specific parts of the input dispensing recurrence…

Recent progress on parse tree encoder for sentence representation learning is notable. However, these works mainly encode tree structures recursively, which is not conducive to parallelization. On the other hand, these works rarely take…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-05-10 Junhua Ma , Jiajun Li , Yuxuan Liu , Shangbo Zhou , Xue Li

Keyword spotting (KWS) offers a vital mechanism to identify spoken commands in voice-enabled systems, where user demands often shift, requiring models to learn new keywords continually over time. However, a major problem is catastrophic…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-05-20 Yang Xiao , Tianyi Peng , Rohan Kumar Das , Yuchen Hu , Huiping Zhuang

Transformer-based methods have shown impressive performance in low-level vision tasks, such as image super-resolution. However, we find that these networks can only utilize a limited spatial range of input information through attribution…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2023-03-21 Xiangyu Chen , Xintao Wang , Jiantao Zhou , Yu Qiao , Chao Dong

The transformer architecture is central to the success of modern Large Language Models (LLMs), in part due to its surprising ability to perform a wide range of tasks - including mathematical reasoning, memorization, and retrieval - using…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-05 Yihe Dong , Lorenzo Noci , Mikhail Khodak , Mufan Li

Attention mechanism is one of the most successful techniques in deep learning based Natural Language Processing (NLP). The transformer network architecture is completely based on attention mechanisms, and it outperforms sequence-to-sequence…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2020-06-30 Sevinj Yolchuyeva , Géza Németh , Bálint Gyires-Tóth

Keyword spotting (KWS) is one of the speech recognition tasks most sensitive to the quality of the feature representation. However, the research on KWS has traditionally focused on new model topologies, putting little emphasis on other…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-07-08 Douglas Baptista de Souza , Khaled Jamal Bakri , Fernanda Ferreira , Juliana Inacio

In recent years, transformer structures have been widely applied in image captioning with impressive performance. For good captioning results, the geometry and position relations of different visual objects are often thought of as crucial…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-10-04 Chi Wang , Yulin Shen , Luping Ji

The ability to generate natural language explanations conditioned on the visual perception is a crucial step towards autonomous agents which can explain themselves and communicate with humans. While the research efforts in image and video…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-03-10 Marcella Cornia , Lorenzo Baraldi , Rita Cucchiara

Fixed-point (FXP) inference has proven suitable for embedded devices with limited computational resources, and yet model training is continually performed in floating-point (FLP). FXP training has not been fully explored and the non-trivial…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2023-03-08 Sashank Macha , Om Oza , Alex Escott , Francesco Caliva , Robbie Armitano , Santosh Kumar Cheekatmalla , Sree Hari Krishnan Parthasarathi , Yuzong Liu

The success of the self-attention mechanism in classical machine learning models has inspired the development of quantum analogs aimed at reducing computational overhead. Self-attention integrates learnable query and key matrices to…

While modern Transformer-based language models (LMs) have achieved major success in multi-task generalization, they often struggle to capture long-range dependencies within their context window. This work introduces a novel approach using…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-23 Alok N. Shah , Khush Gupta , Keshav Ramji , Pratik Chaudhari

This paper addresses the persistent challenge in Keyword Spotting (KWS), a fundamental component in speech technology, regarding the acquisition of substantial labeled data for training. Given the difficulty in obtaining large quantities of…

声音 · 计算机科学 2024-09-04 Weinan Dai , Yifeng Jiang , Yuanjing Liu , Jinkun Chen , Xin Sun , Jinglei Tao