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Identified as extinction features against the bright Galactic mid-infrared background, infrared dark clouds (IRDCs) are thought to harbor the very earliest stages of star and cluster formation. In order to better characterize the properties…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-18 J. M. Rathborne , J. M. Jackson , E. T. Chambers , I. Stojimirovic , R. Simon , R. Shipman , W. Frieswijk

We mapped the MSX dark cloud G084.81-01.09 in the NH3 (1,1) - (4,4) lines and in the J = 1-0 transitions of 12CO, 13CO, C18O and HCO+ in order to study the physical properties of infrared dark clouds, and to better understand the initial…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-27 S. B. Zhang , J. Yang , Y. Xu , J. D. Pandian , K. M. Menten , C. Henkel

Context: Stars form in the cold dense cores of interstellar molecular clouds and the detailed knowledge of the spectrum of masses of such cores is clearly a key for the understanding of the origin of the IMF. To date, observations have…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2011-06-21 J. Alves , M. Lombardi , C. Lada

At the earliest evolutionary stages, massive star-forming regions are deeply embedded within their natal cores and not observable at optical and near-infrared wavelengths. Interferometric high-spatial resolution mm dust continuum…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2015-11-11 Henrik Beuther

Dense low mass cores in nearby clouds like Taurus and Auriga are some of the simplest sites currently forming stars like our Sun. Because of their simplicity and proximity, dense cores offer the clearest view of the different phases of star…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2017-03-08 Mario Tafalla

Studies of evolved massive stars indicate that they form in a clustered mode. During the earliest evolutionary stages, these regions are embedded within their natal cores. Here, we show high-spatial-resolution interferometric dust continuum…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-10 H. Beuther , P. Schilke

A fundamental difference between "core-fed" and "clump-fed" star formation theories lies in the existence or absence of high-mass cores at the prestellar stage. However, only a handful of such cores have been observed. Here, different than…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2024-08-12 Wenyu Jiao , Ke Wang , Fengwei Xu

Improving our understanding of the initial conditions and earliest stages of star formation is crucial to gain insight into the origin of stellar masses, multiple systems, and protoplanetary disks. We review the properties of low-mass dense…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2008-01-29 Philippe André , Shantanu Basu , Shu-ichiro Inutsuka

We conduct a census of the high-mass protostellar population of the $\sim70,000\:M_\odot$ Infrared Dark Cloud (IRDC) G028.37+00.07, identifying 35 sources based on their $70\:\mu$m emission, as reported in the {\it Herschel} Hi-GAL catalog…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2020-07-22 Emily Moser , Mengyao Liu , Jonathan C. Tan , Wanggi Lim , Yichen Zhang , Juan Pablo Farias

Understanding how stars form, evolve and impact molecular clouds is key to understanding why star formation is such an inefficient process globally. In this paper, we use the infrared bright fraction, $f_\text{IRB}$ (the fraction of a given…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2024-12-12 E. J. Watkins , N. Peretto , A. J. Rigby , R. J. Smith , K. Kreckel , G. A. Fuller

Star formation efficiency controlled by the protostellar outflow in a single cloud core is investigated by three-dimensional resistive MHD simulations. Starting from the prestellar cloud core, the star formation process is calculated until…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-30 Masahiro N. Machida , Tomoaki Matsumoto

We review the progress that has been made in observing and analyzing molecular cloud structure in recent years. Structures are self-similar over a wide range of scales with similar power law indices independent of the star forming nature of…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Jonathan P. Williams , Leo Blitz , Christopher F. McKee

In our SCUBA survey of Perseus, we find that the fraction of protostellar cores increases towards higher masses and the most massive cores are all protostellar. In this paper we consider the possible explanations of this apparent mass…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-13 Jennifer Hatchell , Gary Fuller

Investigations into the substructure of massive star forming regions are essential for understanding the observed relationships between core mass distributions and mass distributions in stellar clusters, differentiating between proposed…

The current generation of millimeter interferometers have revealed a population of compact (r <~ 0.1 pc), massive (M ~ 100 Msun) gas cores that are the likely progenitors of massive stars. I review models for the evolution of these objects…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Mark R. Krumholz

Infrared Dark Clouds (IRDCs) are dense molecular clouds seen as extinction features against the bright mid-infrared Galactic background. Millimeter continuum maps toward 38 IRDCs reveal extended cold dust emission to be associated with each…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2011-06-21 J. M. Rathborne , J. M. Jackson , R. Simon

Improving our understanding of the earliest stages of star formation is crucial to gain insight into the origin of stellar masses, multiple systems, and protoplanetary disks. We discuss recent advances made in this area thanks to detailed…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Philippe Andre , Arnaud Belloche , Patrick Hennebelle , Derek Ward-Thompson

Dense gas in molecular clouds is an important signature of ongoing and future star formation. We identify and track dense cores in the STARFORGE simulations, following the core evolution from birth through dispersal by stellar feedback for…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2025-02-24 Stella S. R. Offner , Josh Taylor , Michael Y. Grudic

We calculate the evolution of cloud cores embedded in different envelopes to investigate environmental effects on the mass accretion rate onto protostars. As the initial state, we neglect the magnetic field and cloud rotation, and adopt…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-01-11 Shingo Nozaki , Masahiro N. Machida

We study the structure and kinematics of nine 0.1 pc-scale cores in Orion with the IRAM 30-m telescope and at higher resolution eight of the cores with CARMA, using CS(2-1) as the main tracer. The single-dish moment zero maps of the…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-16 Katherine I. Lee , Leslie W. Looney , Scott Schnee , Zhi-Yun Li