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Surveys are commonly used to facilitate research in epidemiology, health, and the social and behavioral sciences. Often, these surveys are not simple random samples, and respondents are given weights reflecting their probability of…

Model interpretations are often used in practice to extract real world insights from machine learning models. These interpretations have a wide range of applications; they can be presented as business recommendations or used to evaluate…

A typical assumption in supervised machine learning is that the train (source) and test (target) datasets follow completely the same distribution. This assumption is, however, often violated in uncertain real-world applications, which…

Learning individualized treatment rules (ITRs) is an important topic in precision medicine. Current literature mainly focuses on deriving ITRs from a single source population. We consider the observational data setting when the source…

The information diffusion prediction on social networks aims to predict future recipients of a message, with practical applications in marketing and social media. While different prediction models all claim to perform well, general…

Transportation agencies need to assess ramp metering performance when deploying or expanding a ramp metering system. The evaluation of a ramp metering strategy is primarily centered around examining its impact on freeway traffic mobility.…

Analysis of sample survey data often requires adjustments to account for missing data in the outcome variables of principal interest. Standard adjustment methods based on item imputation or on propensity weighting factors rely heavily on…

Standard selection criteria for forecasting models focus on information that is calculated for each series independently, disregarding the general tendencies and performances of the candidate models. In this paper, we propose a new way to…

We investigate the parameter estimation of regression models with fixed group effects, when the group variable is missing while group related variables are available. This problem involves clustering to infer the missing group variable…

In a variety of business situations, the introduction or improvement of machine learning approaches is impaired as these cannot draw on existing analytical models. However, in many cases similar problems may have already been solved…

Interest in targeted disease prevention has stimulated development of models that assign risks to individuals, using their personal covariates. We need to evaluate these models, and to quantify the gains achieved by expanding a model with…

A local projection model is defined by a set of linear regressions that account for the associations between exogenous variables and an endogenous variable observed at different time points. While it is standard practice to separately…

Quantile regression is increasingly encountered in modern big data applications due to its robustness and flexibility. We consider the scenario of learning the conditional quantiles of a specific target population when the available data…

In complex survey data, each sampled observation has assigned a sampling weight, indicating the number of units that it represents in the population. Whether sampling weights should or not be considered in the estimation process of model…

The purpose of writing this book is to suggest some improved estimators using auxiliary information in sampling schemes like simple random sampling and systematic sampling. This volume is a collection of five papers. The following problems…

Nested error regression models are useful tools for analysis of grouped data, especially in the case of small area estimation. This paper suggests a nested error regression model using uncertain random effects in which the random effect in…

We consider the problem of deciding on sampling strategy, in particular sampling design. We propose a risk measure, whose minimizing value guides the choice. The method makes use of a superpopulation model and takes into account uncertainty…

When machine learning models are deployed on a test distribution different from the training distribution, they can perform poorly, but overestimate their performance. In this work, we aim to better estimate a model's performance under…

Data-driven decision making frequently relies on predicting counterfactual outcomes. In practice, researchers commonly train counterfactual prediction models on a source dataset to inform decisions on a possibly separate target population.…

Parameters of sub-populations can be more relevant than super-population ones. For example, a healthcare provider may be interested in the effect of a treatment plan for a specific subset of their patients; policymakers may be concerned…