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Recently there has been much interest in understanding why deep neural networks are preferred to shallow networks. We show that, for a large class of piecewise smooth functions, the number of neurons needed by a shallow network to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2017-03-07 Shiyu Liang , R. Srikant

This study explores the number of neurons required for a Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) neural network to approximate multivariate monomials. We establish an exponential lower bound on the complexity of any shallow network approximating the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-05-17 Itai Shapira

In this paper, we aim at establishing an approximation theory and a learning theory of distribution regression via a fully connected neural network (FNN). In contrast to the classical regression methods, the input variables of distribution…

机器学习 · 统计学 2023-07-10 Zhongjie Shi , Zhan Yu , Ding-Xuan Zhou

We derive upper bounds on the complexity of ReLU neural networks approximating the solution maps of parametric partial differential equations. In particular, without any knowledge of its concrete shape, we use the inherent…

数值分析 · 数学 2020-05-15 Gitta Kutyniok , Philipp Petersen , Mones Raslan , Reinhold Schneider

We consider functions from the real numbers to the real numbers, output by a neural network with 1 hidden activation layer, arbitrary width, and ReLU activation function. We assume that the parameters of the neural network are chosen…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-04-20 David Holmes

In this paper, we study approximation properties of single hidden layer neural networks with weights varying on finitely many directions and thresholds from an open interval. We obtain a necessary and at the same time sufficient measure…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-04-05 Vugar Ismailov , Ekrem Savas

Neural networks with rectified linear unit activations are essentially multivariate linear splines. As such, one of many ways to measure the "complexity" or "expressivity" of a neural network is to count the number of knots in the spline…

机器学习 · 统计学 2016-12-01 Kevin K. Chen

We derive exact upper and lower bounds for the cumulative distribution function (cdf) of the output of a neural network (NN) over its entire support subject to noisy (stochastic) inputs. The upper and lower bounds converge to the true cdf…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-11 Andrey Kofnov , Daniel Kapla , Ezio Bartocci , Efstathia Bura

Network design has been a central topic in machine learning. Large amounts of effort have been devoted towards creating efficient architectures through manual exploration as well as automated neural architecture search. However, todays…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-10-05 Albert Lee , Kang L. Wang

We derive upper bounds on the complexity of ReLU neural networks approximating the solution of a linear system given the matrix and the right-hand side. We focus on matrices which are symmetric positive definite and sparse, as they appear…

数值分析 · 数学 2026-03-20 Benjamin Dörich , Roland Maier , Lukas Ullmer

Neural networks are regularly employed in adaptive control of nonlinear systems and related methods of reinforcement learning. A common architecture uses a neural network with a single hidden layer (i.e. a shallow network), in which the…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2024-04-18 Andrew Lamperski , Tyler Lekang

Neural networks are becoming increasingly prevalent in software, and it is therefore important to be able to verify their behavior. Because verifying the correctness of neural networks is extremely challenging, it is common to focus on the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-02-19 Ravi Mangal , Aditya V. Nori , Alessandro Orso

An interesting approach to analyzing neural networks that has received renewed attention is to examine the equivalent kernel of the neural network. This is based on the fact that a fully connected feedforward network with one hidden layer,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-06-04 Russell Tsuchida , Farbod Roosta-Khorasani , Marcus Gallagher

Probabilistic verification problems of neural networks are concerned with formally analysing the output distribution of a neural network under a probability distribution of the inputs. Examples of probabilistic verification problems include…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-11 David Boetius , Stefan Leue , Tobias Sutter

We show that every $d$-dimensional probability distribution of bounded support can be generated through deep ReLU networks out of a $1$-dimensional uniform input distribution. What is more, this is possible without incurring a cost - in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-08-30 Dmytro Perekrestenko , Léandre Eberhard , Helmut Bölcskei

Deep neural networks' remarkable ability to correctly fit training data when optimized by gradient-based algorithms is yet to be fully understood. Recent theoretical results explain the convergence for ReLU networks that are wider than…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-02-09 Asaf Noy , Yi Xu , Yonathan Aflalo , Lihi Zelnik-Manor , Rong Jin

Since statistical guarantees for neural networks are usually restricted to global optima of intricate objective functions, it is unclear whether these theories explain the performances of actual outputs of neural network pipelines. The goal…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-08 Mahsa Taheri , Fang Xie , Johannes Lederer

We develop a corrective mechanism for neural network approximation: the total available non-linear units are divided into multiple groups and the first group approximates the function under consideration, the second group approximates the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-06-23 Guy Bresler , Dheeraj Nagaraj

We study how well generative adversarial networks (GAN) learn probability distributions from finite samples by analyzing the convergence rates of these models. Our analysis is based on a new oracle inequality that decomposes the estimation…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-05-26 Yunfei Yang

Quantile regression is the task of estimating a specified percentile response, such as the median, from a collection of known covariates. We study quantile regression with rectified linear unit (ReLU) neural networks as the chosen model…

统计理论 · 数学 2020-12-21 Oscar Hernan Madrid Padilla , Wesley Tansey , Yanzhen Chen