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Internet access is essential for economic development and helping to deliver the Sustainable Development Goals, especially as even basic broadband can revolutionize available economic opportunities. Yet, more than one billion people still…

Roughly 3 billion citizens remain offline, equating to approximately 40 percent of the global population. Therefore, providing Internet connectivity is an essential part of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) (Goal 9). In this paper a…

Work has now begun on the sixth generation of cellular technologies (`6G`) and cost-efficient global broadband coverage is already becoming a key pillar. Indeed, we are still far from providing universal and affordable broadband…

With infrastructure systems lasting for decades, even centuries, there is growing need to assess sustainability impacts. However, compared to energy or transportation networks (which each contribute roughly one third of global emissions),…

Broadband Internet service is widely expected to be the fundamental universal service for the 21st century. But more than a decade of national and international struggles to close the digital divide between broadband haves and have nots…

The fifth generation of mobile networks (5G) represents the latest development in mobile communications. It has been designed to support several types of data traffic and to meet more challenging performance requirements than ever before.…

Internet has shown itself to be a catalyst for economic growth and social equity but its potency is thwarted by the fact that the Internet is off limits for the vast majority of human beings. Mobile phones---the fastest growing technology…

Broadband connectivity is a tool for catalyzing socio-economic development and reducing the societal inequalities. Recent studies have investigated the supporting role of broadband in addressing Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).…

The anticipated deployment cost of 5G communication networks in the UK is predicted to be in between {\pounds}30bn- {\pounds}50bn, whereas the current annual capital expenditure of the mobile network operators (MNOs) is {\pounds}2.5bn. This…

Broadband Internet access is an important way to help achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. Currently, fixed fiber infrastructure is essential for providing universal broadband, but has received relatively little research attention in…

The surging global mobile data traffic challenges the economic viability of cellular networks and calls for innovative solutions to reduce the network congestion and improve user experience. In this context, user-provided networks (UPNs),…

More than one-fifth of the US population does not subscribe to a fixed broadband service despite broadband being a recognized merit good. For example, less than 4% of citizens earning more than US \$70k annually do not have broadband,…

The commercial deployment of 5G communication networks makes the industry and academia to seriously consider the possible solutions for the next generation. Although the conventional approach indicates that 6G vision and requirements can be…

The data rates of up to 10 GB/s will characterize 5G networks telecommunications standards that are envisioned to replace the current 4G/IMT standards. The number of network-connected devices is expected to be 7 trillion by the end of this…

The idea of ultra-wideband (UWB) communications for short ranges (up to a few tens of meters) has been around for nearly three decades. However, despite significant efforts by the industry, UWB deployment has not yet reached its predicted…

Fifth Generation (5G) mobile networks mark a significant shift from previous generations of networks. By introducing a flexible design, 5G networks support highly diverse application requirements. Currently, the landscape of previous…

The extreme traffic load that future wireless networks are expected to accommodate requires a re-thinking of the system design. Initial estimations indicate that, different from the evolutionary path of previous cellular generations that…

Providing connectivity to around half of the World population living in rural or underprivileged areas is a tremendous challenge, but also a unique opportunity. In this paper, a survey of technologies for providing connectivity to rural…

Mobile communication technologies have been evolving for many years with each generation transforming the way we experience new services. As the Smartphone market has significantly expanded in recent years and expected to grow more in years…

Broadband access is key to ensuring robust economic development and improving quality of life. Unfortunately, the communication infrastructure deployed in rural areas throughout the world lags behind its urban counterparts due to low…